Burke: Rubus ulmifolius vs. Rubus arcticus

	Rubus ulmifolius	Rubus arcticus
	elm-leaf blackberry	nagoonberry
Habit		Strongly rhizomatous perennial with erect, herbaceous, soft-hairy, annual flowering stems 2-15 cm. tall.
Leaves		Leaves 2-5 per stem, with conspicuous ovate-lanceolate, entire stipules; leaf blades trifoliate, the leaflets ovate to obovate, 1.5-3 cm. long, serrate to bi-serrate.
Flowers		Flowers terminal, usually single, rarely 2; calyx finely pubescent, the 5 lobes narrowly lanceolate, reflexed, 8-11 mm. long; petals 5, erect, pink to crimson or rose, spatulate-obovate, 10-16 mm. long; stamens 30-40; pistils 20-30, the style enlarged upward.
Fruits		Drupelets coherent, coming free of the receptacle, the fruit reddish, globose, 1 cm. broad.

	Rubus ulmifolius	Rubus arcticus
Flowering time	May-July	June-August
Habitat	Fields, thickets, forest edge, and other disturbed areas.	Montane meadows, bogs, and woodlands to alpine tundra.
Distribution	Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California and Nevada; also in New Jersey. [WildflowerSearch map] [BONAP county map]	Occurring east of the Cascades crest in north-central Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains, and east across Canada to the Great Lakes Region and the northern Atlantic Coast. [WildflowerSearch map] [BONAP county map]
Origin	Introduced Europe and northern Africa	Native
Conservation status	Not of concern	Threatened in Washington (WANHP)
Sibling taxa	R. allegheniensis, R. arcticus, R. bifrons, R. idaeus, R. laciniatus, R. lasiococcus, R. leucodermis, R. nigerrimus, R. nivalis, R. parviflorus, R. pedatus, R. pensilvanicus, R. pubescens, R. spectabilis, R. ursinus, R. vestitus	R. allegheniensis, R. bifrons, R. idaeus, R. laciniatus, R. lasiococcus, R. leucodermis, R. nigerrimus, R. nivalis, R. parviflorus, R. pedatus, R. pensilvanicus, R. pubescens, R. spectabilis, R. ulmifolius, R. ursinus, R. vestitus
Web links	Local floras: CA, OR, WA Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos, Flora NW, PNW Herbaria WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search	Local floras: BC, WA Local Web sites: Flora NW, PNW Herbaria WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search

Rubus ulmifolius

Rubus arcticus

elm-leaf blackberry

nagoonberry

Habit

Strongly rhizomatous perennial with erect, herbaceous, soft-hairy, annual flowering stems 2-15 cm. tall.

Leaves

Leaves 2-5 per stem, with conspicuous ovate-lanceolate, entire stipules;

leaf blades trifoliate, the leaflets ovate to obovate, 1.5-3 cm. long, serrate to bi-serrate.

Flowers

Flowers terminal, usually single, rarely 2;

calyx finely pubescent, the 5 lobes narrowly lanceolate, reflexed, 8-11 mm. long;

petals 5, erect, pink to crimson or rose, spatulate-obovate, 10-16 mm. long;

stamens 30-40;

pistils 20-30, the style enlarged upward.

Fruits

Drupelets coherent, coming free of the receptacle, the fruit reddish, globose, 1 cm. broad.

Rubus ulmifolius

Rubus arcticus

Flowering time

May-July

June-August

Habitat

Fields, thickets, forest edge, and other disturbed areas.

Montane meadows, bogs, and woodlands to alpine tundra.

Distribution

Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California and Nevada; also in New Jersey.

[WildflowerSearch map]

[BONAP county map]

Occurring east of the Cascades crest in north-central Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains, and east across Canada to the Great Lakes Region and the northern Atlantic Coast.

[WildflowerSearch map]

[BONAP county map]

Origin

Introduced Europe and northern Africa

Native

Conservation status

Not of concern

Threatened in Washington (WANHP)

Sibling taxa