Burke: Rubus nutkanus vs. Rubus bifrons

	Rubus nutkanus	Rubus bifrons
		Himalayan blackberry
Habit		Strong, more or less evergreen perennial, the stems up to 10 m. long, ascending to sprawling, armed with strong, flattened prickles.
Leaves		Leaves mostly 5-foliate, the leaflets broadly oblong to ovate, short acuminate, 6-12 cm. long, sharply serrate, bright green and glabrous above, grayish-woolly beneath.
Flowers		Inflorescence a flat-topped panicle; calyx woolly, the 5 segments reflexed, lanceolate, 8-12 mm. long; petals 5, white to reddish tinged, oval-obovate, 10-15 mm. long; stamens 100 or more; pistils many, the style slender, glabrous.
Fruits		Drupelets coherent, and with the fleshy receptacle forming a nearly globose blackberry 1.5 cm. thick.

	Rubus nutkanus	Rubus bifrons
Flowering time	April-July	May-August
Habitat	Forest openings and edge, thickets, meadows, and riparian corridors from sea level to the subalpine.	Disturbed areas, riparian zones, and forest edges at low elevations.
Distribution	Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta, the Rocky Mountains, and Great Lakes region.	Occurrng on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, southern Great Plains, and eastern North America. [WildflowerSearch map] [BONAP county map]
Origin	Native	Introduced from Eurasia
Conservation status	Not of concern	Not of concern
Sibling taxa	R. allegheniensis, R. arcticus, R. bifrons, R. idaeus, R. laciniatus, R. lasiococcus, R. leucodermis, R. nigerrimus, R. nivalis, R. parviflorus, R. pedatus, R. pensilvanicus, R. pubescens, R. spectabilis, R. ulmifolius, R. ursinus, R. vestitus	R. allegheniensis, R. arcticus, R. idaeus, R. laciniatus, R. lasiococcus, R. leucodermis, R. nigerrimus, R. nivalis, R. parviflorus, R. pedatus, R. pensilvanicus, R. pubescens, R. spectabilis, R. ulmifolius, R. ursinus, R. vestitus
Web links	Local floras: CA, OR Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos, Flora NW, PNW Herbaria WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search	Local floras: OR, WA Local Web sites: Flora NW, PNW Herbaria WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search

Rubus nutkanus

Rubus bifrons

Himalayan blackberry

Habit

Strong, more or less evergreen perennial, the stems up to 10 m. long, ascending to sprawling, armed with strong, flattened prickles.

Leaves

Leaves mostly 5-foliate, the leaflets broadly oblong to ovate, short acuminate, 6-12 cm. long, sharply serrate, bright green and glabrous above, grayish-woolly beneath.

Flowers

Inflorescence a flat-topped panicle;

calyx woolly, the 5 segments reflexed, lanceolate, 8-12 mm. long;

petals 5, white to reddish tinged, oval-obovate, 10-15 mm. long;

stamens 100 or more;

pistils many, the style slender, glabrous.

Fruits

Drupelets coherent, and with the fleshy receptacle forming a nearly globose blackberry 1.5 cm. thick.

Rubus nutkanus

Rubus bifrons

Flowering time

April-July

May-August

Habitat

Forest openings and edge, thickets, meadows, and riparian corridors from sea level to the subalpine.

Disturbed areas, riparian zones, and forest edges at low elevations.

Distribution

Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta, the Rocky Mountains, and Great Lakes region.

Occurrng on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, southern Great Plains, and eastern North America.

[WildflowerSearch map]

[BONAP county map]

Origin

Native

Introduced from Eurasia

Conservation status

Not of concern

Sibling taxa