Burke: Penstemon glandulosus vs. Penstemon wilcoxii

	Penstemon glandulosus	Penstemon wilcoxii
	glandular penstemon	Wilcox's beardtongue
Habit	Stout perennial herb from a branched, woody base, the several stems 4-10 dm. tall, sticky throughout with stalked glands.	Perennial from a branched, woody base, the clustered stems 3-10 dm. tall, usually glabrous except for the inflorescence
Leaves	Leaves opposite, sharply toothed or entire, the basal ones 10-35 cm. long and 2.5-9 cm. wide, petiolate, the blade lanceolate to elliptic; lowermost cauline leaves reduced, the others well-developed, sessile and often clasping, broadly lanceolate to rotund-ovate, 4-12 cm. long and 2-5 cm. wide.	Leaves opposite, strongly serrate with slender teeth, the basal leaves well-developed, elliptic to deltoid-ovate, the blade up to 9 cm. long and 5 cm. wide, about equal to the petiole; cauline leaves often larger than the basal, sessile, 4-10 cm. long and 1.5-4 cm. wide.
Flowers	Inflorescence of several verticillasters; calyx 9-15 mm. long, the 5 segments narrow and herbaceous; corolla blue-lavender, strongly glandular-hairy outside, glabrous inside, 28-40 mm. long, over 1 cm. wide at the mouth; anthers permanently horseshoe-shaped, 1.7-2.3 mm. long; pollen sacs dehiscent across their apices, the lower part saccate and indehiscent, glabrous; staminode glabrous, the tip flattened.	Inflorescence of several large, loose verticillasters; calyx 2.5-5 mm. long, the 5 segments broadly lanceolate, narrowly scarious-margined; corolla blue, the paler throat with guide lines, 15-23 mm. long, the tube 4-8 mm. wide at the mouth, glandular-hairy on the outside, strongly bilabiate, the lower lip much longer than the upper, the raised portion bearded; pollen sacs 0.7-1.0 mm. long, wholly dehiscent, becoming opposite, glabrous; staminode with a recurved, bearded tip.
Fruits	Capsules 10-14 mm. long, surpassed by the calyx.	Capsule 4-6 mm. long.

	Penstemon glandulosus	Penstemon wilcoxii
Flowering time	May-July	May-July
Habitat	Open, often rocky hillsides and banks in the foothills, valleys, and lower mountains.	Open or often wooded, sometimes in rocky places, from the foothills to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Distribution	Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; central Washington to north-central Oregon, and from southeastern Washington to eastern Oregon, east to Idaho. [WildflowerSearch map] [BONAP county map]	Occurring east of the Cascades crest in eastern Washington; Washington to Oregon, east to Montana. [WildflowerSearch map] [BONAP county map]
Origin	Native	Native
Conservation status	Not of concern	Threatened in Washington (WANHP)
Sibling taxa	P. acuminatus, P. attenuatus, P. barrettiae, P. cardwellii, P. cinereus, P. confertus, P. davidsonii, P. deustus, P. ellipticus, P. eriantherus, P. euglaucus, P. fruticosus, P. gairdneri, P. hesperius, P. lyallii, P. ovatus, P. palmeri, P. pennellianus, P. procerus, P. pruinosus, P. richardsonii, P. rupicola, P. rydbergii, P. serrulatus, P. speciosus, P. subserratus, P. triphyllus, P. venustus, P. washingtonensis, P. wilcoxii	P. acuminatus, P. attenuatus, P. barrettiae, P. cardwellii, P. cinereus, P. confertus, P. davidsonii, P. deustus, P. ellipticus, P. eriantherus, P. euglaucus, P. fruticosus, P. gairdneri, P. glandulosus, P. hesperius, P. lyallii, P. ovatus, P. palmeri, P. pennellianus, P. procerus, P. pruinosus, P. richardsonii, P. rupicola, P. rydbergii, P. serrulatus, P. speciosus, P. subserratus, P. triphyllus, P. venustus, P. washingtonensis
Subordinate taxa	P. glandulosus var. chelanensis, P. glandulosus var. glandulosus
Web links	Local floras: OR, WA Local Web sites: Flora NW, PNW Herbaria, Turner Photog. WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search	Local floras: OR, WA Local Web sites: Flora NW, PNW Herbaria WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search

Penstemon wilcoxii

glandular penstemon

Wilcox's beardtongue

Habit

Stout perennial herb from a branched, woody base, the several stems 4-10 dm. tall, sticky throughout with stalked glands.

Perennial from a branched, woody base, the clustered stems 3-10 dm. tall, usually glabrous except for the inflorescence

Leaves

Leaves opposite, sharply toothed or entire, the basal ones 10-35 cm. long and 2.5-9 cm. wide, petiolate, the blade lanceolate to elliptic; lowermost cauline leaves reduced, the others well-developed, sessile and often clasping, broadly lanceolate to rotund-ovate, 4-12 cm. long and 2-5 cm. wide.

Leaves opposite, strongly serrate with slender teeth, the basal leaves well-developed, elliptic to deltoid-ovate, the blade up to 9 cm. long and 5 cm. wide, about equal to the petiole;

cauline leaves often larger than the basal, sessile, 4-10 cm. long and 1.5-4 cm. wide.

Flowers

Inflorescence of several verticillasters;

calyx 9-15 mm. long, the 5 segments narrow and herbaceous;

corolla blue-lavender, strongly glandular-hairy outside, glabrous inside, 28-40 mm. long, over 1 cm. wide at the mouth;

anthers permanently horseshoe-shaped, 1.7-2.3 mm. long;

pollen sacs dehiscent across their apices, the lower part saccate and indehiscent, glabrous;

staminode glabrous, the tip flattened.

Inflorescence of several large, loose verticillasters;

calyx 2.5-5 mm. long, the 5 segments broadly lanceolate, narrowly scarious-margined;

corolla blue, the paler throat with guide lines, 15-23 mm. long, the tube 4-8 mm. wide at the mouth, glandular-hairy on the outside, strongly bilabiate, the lower lip much longer than the upper, the raised portion bearded;

pollen sacs 0.7-1.0 mm. long, wholly dehiscent, becoming opposite, glabrous;

staminode with a recurved, bearded tip.

Fruits

Capsules 10-14 mm. long, surpassed by the calyx.

Capsule 4-6 mm. long.

Penstemon glandulosus

Penstemon wilcoxii

Flowering time

May-July

Habitat

Open, often rocky hillsides and banks in the foothills, valleys, and lower mountains.

Open or often wooded, sometimes in rocky places, from the foothills to moderate elevations in the mountains.

Distribution

Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; central Washington to north-central Oregon, and from southeastern Washington to eastern Oregon, east to Idaho.

[WildflowerSearch map]

[BONAP county map]