Burke: Erythranthe washingtonensis vs. Erythranthe grandis

	Erythranthe washingtonensis	Erythranthe grandis
	Washington monkey-flower	large monkey-flower
Habit	Annuals with fibrous roots or threadlike taproot; stems 5-25 cm, erect to ascending, straight or sharply bent at nodes, typically heavily branched, not angled; puberulent- to villous-glandular, flattened gland-tipped hairs 0.1-0.8 mm, sometimes transparent.	Rhizomatous perennials, occasionally rooting at nodes nearest base; stems usually 50-120 cm, erect or decumbent basally, branched, commonly hollow, densely hirsute to soft-hirtellous to long-hairy, hairs often crinkly, glandular or not, or sometimes villous-glandular without hirtellous hairs.
Leaves	Leaves cauline, basal ones not persistent; petioles 2-14 mm; blade triangular to ovate to narrowly ovate, 4-16 mm long and 2-11 mm broad, palmate venation, base rounded to cuneate to truncate, margins finely toothed or entire, apex acute, surfaces hairy-glandular as stems.	Leaves basal and cauline, basal leaves generally not persistent; petioles 10-80 mm, becoming reduced distally; blade ovate to broadly elliptic, 25-60 mm long and 20-40 cm broad, palmate or nearly pinnate venation with 5-7 veins, base truncate to nearly cruneate to nearly cordate, margins crenulate to toothed, occasionally sublyrate near base, apex rounded to obtuse, surfaces of distalmost leaves hairy as stems.
Flowers	Axillary flowers 1-6, emerging from nodes throughout; fruiting pedicels 20-50 mm, densely covered with minute stalked glands; calyx greenish, ridged, tubular, slightly inflated, 6-8 mm, margins toothed or lobed, covered with minute stalked glands, lobes pronounced, erect; corollas yellow with small reddish brown dots, lower limb with two whitish patches, symmetric bilaterally, bilabiate; tube-throat funnel-shaped and 8-10 mm, protruding beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 7-10 mm, lobes obovate-oblong, apex rounded to somewhat cuneate; styles hispid-hirtellous; anthers not protruding, glabrous.	Inflorescence racemose, bracteate, flowers 8-26; fruiting pedicels 10-35 mm, hairy as stems; calyx straight-erect or nodding at 45-100 degrees, ovate to bell-shaped, inflated, compressed along sagittal plane, 15-22 mm, hairy as stems, throat closing; corollas yellow with red spots inside, symmetric bilaterally, bilabiate; tube-throat widely funnel-shaped, 16-24 mm, protruding 10-15 mm beyond calyx margin, limb widely expanded; styles hirtellous; anthers not protruding, glabrous.
Fruits	Capsules 5-8.5 mm, included.	Capsules 8-12 mm, included.

	Erythranthe washingtonensis	Erythranthe grandis
Flowering time	April-June	May-August
Habitat	Shallow or gravelly soils of vernally moist areas at low elevations.	Coastal areas including bluffs, dunes, wet cliff faces, marshes, ditches, lake and pond margins, and stream banks.
Distribution	Occurring east of the cascades crest in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; south-central Washington to adjacent north-central Oregon. [WildflowerSearch map]	Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California. [WildflowerSearch map]
Origin	Native	Native
Conservation status	Historical in Washington (WANHP)	Not of concern
Sibling taxa	E. alsinoides, E. ampliata, E. arvensis, E. breviflora, E. breweri, E. caespitosa, E. cardinalis, E. decora, E. dentata, E. floribunda, E. grandis, E. guttata, E. inflatula, E. jungermannioides, E. lewisii, E. microphylla, E. moschata, E. nasuta, E. patula, E. primuloides, E. ptilota, E. pulsiferae, E. scouleri, E. suksdorfii	E. alsinoides, E. ampliata, E. arvensis, E. breviflora, E. breweri, E. caespitosa, E. cardinalis, E. decora, E. dentata, E. floribunda, E. guttata, E. inflatula, E. jungermannioides, E. lewisii, E. microphylla, E. moschata, E. nasuta, E. patula, E. primuloides, E. ptilota, E. pulsiferae, E. scouleri, E. suksdorfii, E. washingtonensis
Web links	Local floras: OR, WA Local Web sites: Flora NW, PNW Herbaria WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search	Local floras: CA, OR, WA Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos, Flora NW, PNW Herbaria WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search

Erythranthe grandis

Washington monkey-flower

large monkey-flower

Habit

Annuals with fibrous roots or threadlike taproot; stems 5-25 cm, erect to ascending, straight or sharply bent at nodes, typically heavily branched, not angled; puberulent- to villous-glandular, flattened gland-tipped hairs 0.1-0.8 mm, sometimes transparent.

Rhizomatous perennials, occasionally rooting at nodes nearest base; stems usually 50-120 cm, erect or decumbent basally, branched, commonly hollow, densely hirsute to soft-hirtellous to long-hairy, hairs often crinkly, glandular or not, or sometimes villous-glandular without hirtellous hairs.

Leaves

Leaves cauline, basal ones not persistent;

petioles 2-14 mm;

blade triangular to ovate to narrowly ovate, 4-16 mm long and 2-11 mm broad, palmate venation, base rounded to cuneate to truncate, margins finely toothed or entire, apex acute, surfaces hairy-glandular as stems.

Leaves basal and cauline, basal leaves generally not persistent;

petioles 10-80 mm, becoming reduced distally;

blade ovate to broadly elliptic, 25-60 mm long and 20-40 cm broad, palmate or nearly pinnate venation with 5-7 veins, base truncate to nearly cruneate to nearly cordate, margins crenulate to toothed, occasionally sublyrate near base, apex rounded to obtuse, surfaces of distalmost leaves hairy as stems.

Flowers

Axillary flowers 1-6, emerging from nodes throughout; fruiting pedicels 20-50 mm, densely covered with minute stalked glands;

calyx greenish, ridged, tubular, slightly inflated, 6-8 mm, margins toothed or lobed, covered with minute stalked glands, lobes pronounced, erect;

corollas yellow with small reddish brown dots, lower limb with two whitish patches, symmetric bilaterally, bilabiate;

tube-throat funnel-shaped and 8-10 mm, protruding beyond calyx margin;

limb expanded 7-10 mm, lobes obovate-oblong, apex rounded to somewhat cuneate;

styles hispid-hirtellous;

anthers not protruding, glabrous.

Inflorescence racemose, bracteate, flowers 8-26; fruiting pedicels 10-35 mm, hairy as stems;

calyx straight-erect or nodding at 45-100 degrees, ovate to bell-shaped, inflated, compressed along sagittal plane, 15-22 mm, hairy as stems, throat closing;

corollas yellow with red spots inside, symmetric bilaterally, bilabiate;

tube-throat widely funnel-shaped, 16-24 mm, protruding 10-15 mm beyond calyx margin, limb widely expanded;

styles hirtellous;

anthers not protruding, glabrous.

Fruits

Capsules 5-8.5 mm, included.

Capsules 8-12 mm, included.