Erythranthe washingtonensis |
Erythranthe cardinalis |
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Washington monkey-flower |
scarlet monkey-flower |
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Habit | Annuals with fibrous roots or threadlike taproot; stems 5-25 cm, erect to ascending, straight or sharply bent at nodes, typically heavily branched, not angled; puberulent- to villous-glandular, flattened gland-tipped hairs 0.1-0.8 mm, sometimes transparent. | Rhizomatous perennials; stems 25-75 cm, usually erect or curving upward, branched, somewhat glandular-villous or becoming glabrous. |
Leaves | Leaves cauline, basal ones not persistent; petioles 2-14 mm; blade triangular to ovate to narrowly ovate, 4-16 mm long and 2-11 mm broad, palmate venation, base rounded to cuneate to truncate, margins finely toothed or entire, apex acute, surfaces hairy-glandular as stems. |
Leaves typically cauline; sessile; blade ovate to elliptic to obovate, 20-90 mm long and 10-38 mm broad, palmate venation, base acuminate and nearly clasping, margins irregularly toothed, apex acute, surfaces hairy as stems. |
Flowers | Axillary flowers 1-6, emerging from nodes throughout; fruiting pedicels 20-50 mm, densely covered with minute stalked glands; calyx greenish, ridged, tubular, slightly inflated, 6-8 mm, margins toothed or lobed, covered with minute stalked glands, lobes pronounced, erect; corollas yellow with small reddish brown dots, lower limb with two whitish patches, symmetric bilaterally, bilabiate; tube-throat funnel-shaped and 8-10 mm, protruding beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 7-10 mm, lobes obovate-oblong, apex rounded to somewhat cuneate; styles hispid-hirtellous; anthers not protruding, glabrous. |
Axillary flowers 2-12, emerging from leaf axes at mid- to ends of stem; fruiting pedicels generally 30-90 mm; calyx cylindric to nearly bell-shaped, not inflated, 17-28 mm, hairy or bristly-hairy, lobes 4-7 mm, ovate to nearly deltate, apex attenuate-acute; corollas red to orangish red or rarely yellow, throat yellowish with red stripes, palate red, yellow-villous and not spotted or striped, symmetric bilaterally, distinctly bilabiate; tube-throat funnel-shaped, generally 20-30 mm, protruding beyond calyx margin; throat open; styles glabrous; anthers protruding, white-hairy, thecae spreading. |
Fruits | Capsules 5-8.5 mm, included. |
Capsules 10-16 mm, included. |
Erythranthe washingtonensis |
Erythranthe cardinalis |
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Flowering time | April-June | May-August |
Habitat | Shallow or gravelly soils of vernally moist areas at low elevations. | Streambanks, where escaped from cultivation. |
Distribution | Occurring east of the cascades crest in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; south-central Washington to adjacent north-central Oregon.
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Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the southern Rocky Mountains.
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Origin | Native | Introduced |
Conservation status | Historical in Washington (WANHP) | Not of concern |
Sibling taxa | ||
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