Erythranthe washingtonensis |
Erythranthe alsinoides |
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Washington monkey-flower |
chickweed monkey-flower, wing-stem monkey-flower |
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Habit | Annuals with fibrous roots or threadlike taproot; stems 5-25 cm, erect to ascending, straight or sharply bent at nodes, typically heavily branched, not angled; puberulent- to villous-glandular, flattened gland-tipped hairs 0.1-0.8 mm, sometimes transparent. | Annual, glandular-hairy to somewhat glabrous (smooth), growing to 0.5-3 dm. in height. The plants are slender, and have either a simple or freely-branching form. Often found growing in uniformly dense patches. The stems frequently appear somewhat reddish. |
Leaves | Leaves cauline, basal ones not persistent; petioles 2-14 mm; blade triangular to ovate to narrowly ovate, 4-16 mm long and 2-11 mm broad, palmate venation, base rounded to cuneate to truncate, margins finely toothed or entire, apex acute, surfaces hairy-glandular as stems. |
Opposite, slightly to evidently-toothed, 3-5 prominent veins on the upper surface. The blades are 0.5-2.5 cm. long, with a petiole of more or less equal length. |
Flowers | Axillary flowers 1-6, emerging from nodes throughout; fruiting pedicels 20-50 mm, densely covered with minute stalked glands; calyx greenish, ridged, tubular, slightly inflated, 6-8 mm, margins toothed or lobed, covered with minute stalked glands, lobes pronounced, erect; corollas yellow with small reddish brown dots, lower limb with two whitish patches, symmetric bilaterally, bilabiate; tube-throat funnel-shaped and 8-10 mm, protruding beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 7-10 mm, lobes obovate-oblong, apex rounded to somewhat cuneate; styles hispid-hirtellous; anthers not protruding, glabrous. |
The yellow corollas fuse to form an upper and lower lip (bilabiate), and grow 8-14 mm. long. A conspicuous reddish-brown blotch is found on the lower and sometimes the upper lip. Individual flowers are attached to the stem by a long pedicel. |
Fruit(s) | Capsules 5-8.5 mm, included. |
Capsule. |
Erythranthe washingtonensis |
Erythranthe alsinoides |
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Identification notes | The reddish-brown blotch on the lower lip is very diagnostic along with its annual life cycle and tendency to be found in moss mats. The middle lobe of the lower lip tends to be the longest and somewhat curved backwards (deflexed). The lower two teeth of the calyx tend to be more rounded and longer than the upper three calyx teeth. | |
Flowering time | April-June | April-June |
Habitat | Shallow or gravelly soils of vernally moist areas at low elevations. | Shady, vernally (springtime) moist places on cliffs and ledges, especially at low elevations; often growing in moss mats. |
Distribution | Occurring east of the cascades crest in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; south-central Washington to adjacent north-central Oregon.
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Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
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Origin | Native | Native |
Conservation status | Historical in Washington (WANHP) | Not of concern |
Sibling taxa | ||
Web links |
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