Burke: Erythranthe primuloides vs. Erythranthe pulsiferae

	Erythranthe primuloides	Erythranthe pulsiferae
	primrose monkey-flower	candelabrum monkey-flower, Pulsifer's monkey-flower
Habit	Mat-forming perennial from long, thin rhizomes, the stem lax, up to 6 cm. long.	Annuals with shallow, fibrous roots; stems 5-12 cm, erect, not bent or curved at nodes, not branched or only slightly branched proximally, covered with minute stalked glands, gland-tipped hairs 0.1-0.3.
Leaves	Leaves opposite, crowded near the ground, short-hairy abaxially (underside), viscid to glabrous adaxially (upperside); leaves oblanceolate, sessile, nearly entire, 3-nerved from the base, 7-25 mm. long and 3-11 mm. wide.	Leaves basal and cauline; petioles 2-9 mm with 3 distinct veins and 2 wings; blade elliptic-oblong to ovate or oblanceolate, 3-14 mm long and 2-9 mm broad, palmate venation with 3 veins, base cuneate to attenuate, margins finely toothed to entire, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces glandular-hairy as stems.
Flowers	Flowers solitary on slender pedicels up to 10 cm. long arising from the leaf clusters; calyx narrow, 4-8 mm. long, mostly glabrous, the 5 teeth short, equal; corolla yellow, often dotted with maroon, 1-2 cm. long, scarcely bilabiate, the 5 lobes spreading, shallowly notched, the throat somewhat flaring; stamens 4.	Axillary flowers 1-9, emerging from mid-stem to distal nodes; fruiting pedicels horizontally spreading-curved, 12-38 mm, glandular-hairy as stems; calyx cylindric, somewhat inflated, 7-10 mm, margins toothed or lobed, glandular-hairy as stems, lobes pronounced, erect; corollas yellow, tube-throat, palate ridges, lower limb yellow to light yellow, lower limb with red dots or not, symmetric bilaterally, barely bilabiate; tube-throat funnel-shaped and 6-9 mm, protruding beyond calyx margin; lobes widely obovate to somewhat orbicular, apex rounded; styles glabrous; anthers not protruding, glabrous.
Fruit(s)	Capsule.	Capsules 5-8 mm, included.

	Erythranthe primuloides	Erythranthe pulsiferae
Flowering time	June-August	May-July
Habitat	Wet meadows and boggy areas at middle to high elevations in the mountains.	Vernally moist areas, seeps, and stream banks from the lowlands to middle elevations.
Distribution	Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Utah, Arizona, and New Mexico. [WildflowerSearch map]	Occurring east of the Cascades crest in south-central Washington; south-central Washington to California, [WildflowerSearch map]
Origin	Native	Native
Conservation status	Not of concern	Sensitive in Washington (WANHP)
Sibling taxa	E. alsinoides, E. ampliata, E. arvensis, E. breviflora, E. breweri, E. caespitosa, E. cardinalis, E. decora, E. dentata, E. floribunda, E. grandis, E. guttata, E. inflatula, E. jungermannioides, E. lewisii, E. microphylla, E. moschata, E. nasuta, E. patula, E. ptilota, E. pulsiferae, E. scouleri, E. suksdorfii, E. washingtonensis	E. alsinoides, E. ampliata, E. arvensis, E. breviflora, E. breweri, E. caespitosa, E. cardinalis, E. decora, E. dentata, E. floribunda, E. grandis, E. guttata, E. inflatula, E. jungermannioides, E. lewisii, E. microphylla, E. moschata, E. nasuta, E. patula, E. primuloides, E. ptilota, E. scouleri, E. suksdorfii, E. washingtonensis
Web links	Local floras: CA, OR, WA Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos, Flora NW, PNW Herbaria WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search	Local floras: CA, OR, WA Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos, Flora NW, PNW Herbaria WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search

Erythranthe pulsiferae

primrose monkey-flower

candelabrum monkey-flower, Pulsifer's monkey-flower

Habit

Mat-forming perennial from long, thin rhizomes, the stem lax, up to 6 cm. long.

Annuals with shallow, fibrous roots; stems 5-12 cm, erect, not bent or curved at nodes, not branched or only slightly branched proximally, covered with minute stalked glands, gland-tipped hairs 0.1-0.3.

Leaves

Leaves opposite, crowded near the ground, short-hairy abaxially (underside), viscid to glabrous adaxially (upperside);

leaves oblanceolate, sessile, nearly entire, 3-nerved from the base, 7-25 mm. long and 3-11 mm. wide.

Leaves basal and cauline;

petioles 2-9 mm with 3 distinct veins and 2 wings;

blade elliptic-oblong to ovate or oblanceolate, 3-14 mm long and 2-9 mm broad, palmate venation with 3 veins, base cuneate to attenuate, margins finely toothed to entire, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces glandular-hairy as stems.

Flowers

Flowers solitary on slender pedicels up to 10 cm. long arising from the leaf clusters;

calyx narrow, 4-8 mm. long, mostly glabrous, the 5 teeth short, equal;

corolla yellow, often dotted with maroon, 1-2 cm. long, scarcely bilabiate, the 5 lobes spreading, shallowly notched, the throat somewhat flaring;

stamens 4.

Axillary flowers 1-9, emerging from mid-stem to distal nodes; fruiting pedicels horizontally spreading-curved, 12-38 mm, glandular-hairy as stems;

calyx cylindric, somewhat inflated, 7-10 mm, margins toothed or lobed, glandular-hairy as stems, lobes pronounced, erect;

corollas yellow, tube-throat, palate ridges, lower limb yellow to light yellow, lower limb with red dots or not, symmetric bilaterally, barely bilabiate;

tube-throat funnel-shaped and 6-9 mm, protruding beyond calyx margin;

lobes widely obovate to somewhat orbicular, apex rounded;

styles glabrous;

anthers not protruding, glabrous.

Fruit(s)

Capsule.

Capsules 5-8 mm, included.