Burke: Erythranthe guttata vs. Erythranthe arvensis

	Erythranthe guttata	Erythranthe arvensis
	seep monkey-flower, yellow monkey-flower	field monkey-flower
Habit	A highly variable species, either annual from fibrous roots, or perennial with stolons or rhizomes, the stems from less than a decimeter to nearly a meter high.	Annuals with fibrous roots or taproots, sometimes rooting at nodes near base if decumbent; stems 5-70 cm, erect to decumbent-ascending, unbranched or branching at medial to proximal nodes, generally with 4 angles, hollow or very narrow, glabrous, sometimes with coarse and stiff pubescence in inflorescence, hairs without glands bending backwards.
Leaves	Leaves opposite, soft and often somewhat succulent, the blades from quite small to nearly 1 dm. long, irregularly dentate, ovate to reniform-cordate; leaves nearly palmately veined, the 3-7 main veins arising near the base; lower leaves petiolate, becoming sessile upward, those of the inflorescence reduced and clasping.	Leaves basal and cauline, or basal leaves may not persist, mid-stem or higher leaves often largest and becoming smaller distally; petiolate, petioles 3-20, distally sessile; blade ovate to orbicular to oblong, middle and distal cauline leaves may be orbicular to nearly reniform, generally 10-35 mm long and 6 to 26 broad, 3-5 palmately-arranged veins, earlobe-like appendages near base, base rounded to truncate to slightly cordate, margins distinctly toothed to nearly entire, larger plants show lower leaves lacerate lobed to pinnatifid margin bases, apex rounded, surfaces glabrous except bracts densely villous beneath and occasionally above, long eglandular hairs flattened and sometimes transparent.
Flowers	Flowers several to many in terminal racemes, on long pedicels, or solitary in dwarf forms; calyx 5-toothed, irregular, the upper tooth much the largest, the 2 lower ones tending to fold upward; corolla 1-4 cm. long, strongly bilabiate, with flaring throat, yellow with maroon dots or splotches on the pubescent lower lip; stamens 4.	Axillary flowers generally 3-8, emerging from distal-most nodes; fruiting pedicels eglandular and smooth, longer than subtending leaves, typically 5-40 mm; calyx sometimes with red dots, ovate to campanulate, inflated, compressed along sagittal plane, 9-14 mm, slightly hirtellous, throat sometimes closed or open, lobes curving upward weakly, top lobe not significantly longer than lower lobe, not distinctly curved; corollas yellow, commonly with red spots, weak bilateral symmetry or near radial symmetry, slightly bilabiate or almost regular; tube-throat cylindric to funnel-shaped, 8-12 mm, protruding 1-2 mm past calyx margin; limb expanded 5-10 mm; styles glabrous; anthers not protruding, glabrous.
Fruit(s)	Capsule.	Capsules 6-7 mm, included, stalked.

	Erythranthe guttata	Erythranthe arvensis
Flowering time	March-September	May-July
Habitat	Wet places, from sea level to middle elevations in the mountains.	Open slopes and stream bank.;
Distribution	Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the northern Great Plains. [WildflowerSearch map]	Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to southern Idaho, Utah, and Nevada, disjunct in west-central Montana. [WildflowerSearch map]
Origin	Native	Native
Conservation status	Not of concern	Not of concern
Sibling taxa	E. alsinoides, E. ampliata, E. arvensis, E. breviflora, E. breweri, E. caespitosa, E. cardinalis, E. decora, E. dentata, E. floribunda, E. grandis, E. inflatula, E. jungermannioides, E. lewisii, E. microphylla, E. moschata, E. nasuta, E. patula, E. primuloides, E. ptilota, E. pulsiferae, E. scouleri, E. suksdorfii, E. washingtonensis	E. alsinoides, E. ampliata, E. breviflora, E. breweri, E. caespitosa, E. cardinalis, E. decora, E. dentata, E. floribunda, E. grandis, E. guttata, E. inflatula, E. jungermannioides, E. lewisii, E. microphylla, E. moschata, E. nasuta, E. patula, E. primuloides, E. ptilota, E. pulsiferae, E. scouleri, E. suksdorfii, E. washingtonensis
Web links	Local floras: BC, CA, OR, WA Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos, Flora NW, PNW Herbaria WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search	Local floras: BC, CA, OR, WA Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos, Flora NW, PNW Herbaria WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search

Erythranthe arvensis

seep monkey-flower, yellow monkey-flower

field monkey-flower

Habit

A highly variable species, either annual from fibrous roots, or perennial with stolons or rhizomes, the stems from less than a decimeter to nearly a meter high.

Annuals with fibrous roots or taproots, sometimes rooting at nodes near base if decumbent; stems 5-70 cm, erect to decumbent-ascending, unbranched or branching at medial to proximal nodes, generally with 4 angles, hollow or very narrow, glabrous, sometimes with coarse and stiff pubescence in inflorescence, hairs without glands bending backwards.

Leaves

Leaves opposite, soft and often somewhat succulent, the blades from quite small to nearly 1 dm. long, irregularly dentate, ovate to reniform-cordate;

leaves nearly palmately veined, the 3-7 main veins arising near the base; lower leaves petiolate, becoming sessile upward, those of the inflorescence reduced and clasping.

Leaves basal and cauline, or basal leaves may not persist, mid-stem or higher leaves often largest and becoming smaller distally; petiolate, petioles 3-20, distally sessile;

blade ovate to orbicular to oblong, middle and distal cauline leaves may be orbicular to nearly reniform, generally 10-35 mm long and 6 to 26 broad, 3-5 palmately-arranged veins, earlobe-like appendages near base, base rounded to truncate to slightly cordate, margins distinctly toothed to nearly entire, larger plants show lower leaves lacerate lobed to pinnatifid margin bases, apex rounded, surfaces glabrous except bracts densely villous beneath and occasionally above, long eglandular hairs flattened and sometimes transparent.

Flowers

Flowers several to many in terminal racemes, on long pedicels, or solitary in dwarf forms;

calyx 5-toothed, irregular, the upper tooth much the largest, the 2 lower ones tending to fold upward;

corolla 1-4 cm. long, strongly bilabiate, with flaring throat, yellow with maroon dots or splotches on the pubescent lower lip;

stamens 4.

Axillary flowers generally 3-8, emerging from distal-most nodes; fruiting pedicels eglandular and smooth, longer than subtending leaves, typically 5-40 mm;

calyx sometimes with red dots, ovate to campanulate, inflated, compressed along sagittal plane, 9-14 mm, slightly hirtellous, throat sometimes closed or open, lobes curving upward weakly, top lobe not significantly longer than lower lobe, not distinctly curved;

corollas yellow, commonly with red spots, weak bilateral symmetry or near radial symmetry, slightly bilabiate or almost regular;

tube-throat cylindric to funnel-shaped, 8-12 mm, protruding 1-2 mm past calyx margin;

limb expanded 5-10 mm;

styles glabrous;

anthers not protruding, glabrous.

Fruit(s)

Capsule.

Capsules 6-7 mm, included, stalked.

Erythranthe guttata

Erythranthe arvensis

Flowering time

March-September

May-July

Habitat

Wet places, from sea level to middle elevations in the mountains.

Open slopes and stream bank.;

Distribution

Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the northern Great Plains.

[WildflowerSearch map]

Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to southern Idaho, Utah, and Nevada, disjunct in west-central Montana.

[WildflowerSearch map]

Origin

Native

Conservation status

Not of concern

Sibling taxa