Burke: Erythranthe breviflora vs. Erythranthe tilingii

	Erythranthe breviflora	Erythranthe tilingii
	short-flowered monkey-flower
Habit	Annuals with shallow fibrous roots; stems 4-15 cm, ascending, sharply bent at nodes, branching at nodes near base to mid-stem, covered with minute stalked glands, gland-tipped hairs 0.1-0.3 mm, occasionally with minute sharp-pointed hairs bending backward without glands.	Mat-forming perennial from well-developed, creeping rhizomes, often with stolons as well, the stems 0.5-2 dm. tall, mostly glabrous.
Leaves	Leaves typically cauline, basal leaves commonly not persisting past flowering; petiole 1-3 mm; blade narrowly ovate or elliptic to lanceolate, 5-15 mm long and 2-6 mm broad, mostly even-sized or becoming slightly smaller distally, 3 palmately arranged veins, base becoming narrow, margins entire or finely toothed, apex acute to obtuse, sometimes glandular-hairy as stems.	Leaves opposite, mostly sessile, the blade under 2.5 cm. long, elliptic to ovate, slightly reduced upward, with a few irregular teeth, sub-palmately veined.
Flowers	Axillary flowers 10-20, emerging from nodes at mid- to ends of stems; fruiting pedicels not bent or curved, 5-11 mm, glandular-hairy as stems; calyx winged, ridged, bell-shaped becoming somewhat ovoid-ellipsoid, strongly inflated, 5-6 mm, margins significantly toothed or lobed, sparsely covered with small rigid hairs, no glands or occasionally slightly sessile-glandular, lobes pronounced, erect; corollas yellow with red spots or stripes, with bilateral symmetry and weakly bilabiate; tube-throat cylindric to slenderly funnel-shaped, 3.5-5 mm, not protruding past calyx margin; limb minutely widened, lobes broadly obovate with rounded apexes; styles glabrous; anthers not protruding, glabrous.	Flowers few, solitary in the leaf axils, on long pedicels; calyx 5-toothed, irregular, the upper tooth much the largest, the 2 lower ones tending to fold upward; corolla large for the size of the plant, 2-4 cm. long, strongly bilabiate, with flaring throat, yellow with maroon dots or splotches on the pubescent lower lip; stamens 4.
Fruit(s)	Capsules 4-6 mm, included.	Capsule.

	Erythranthe breviflora	Erythranthe tilingii
Flowering time	May-July	July-September
Habitat	Moist and wet open areas at low elevations.	Wet meadows and wet, rocky slopes at high elevations in the mountains.
Distribution	Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho, Montana, and Nevada. [WildflowerSearch map]	In the Cascade and Olympic Mountains of Washington; Alaska south to California, east to Montana, Colorado and New Mexico. [WildflowerSearch map]
Origin	Native
Conservation status	Not of concern	Not of concern
Sibling taxa	E. alsinoides, E. ampliata, E. arvensis, E. breweri, E. caespitosa, E. cardinalis, E. decora, E. dentata, E. floribunda, E. grandis, E. guttata, E. inflatula, E. jungermannioides, E. lewisii, E. microphylla, E. moschata, E. nasuta, E. patula, E. primuloides, E. ptilota, E. pulsiferae, E. scouleri, E. suksdorfii, E. washingtonensis	E. alsinoides, E. ampliata, E. arvensis, E. breviflora, E. breweri, E. caespitosa, E. cardinalis, E. decora, E. dentata, E. floribunda, E. grandis, E. guttata, E. inflatula, E. jungermannioides, E. lewisii, E. microphylla, E. moschata, E. nasuta, E. patula, E. primuloides, E. ptilota, E. pulsiferae, E. scouleri, E. suksdorfii, E. washingtonensis
Web links	Local floras: BC, CA, OR, WA Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos, Flora NW, PNW Herbaria WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search	Local floras: BC, CA, OR Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos, Flora NW, PNW Herbaria WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search

Annuals with shallow fibrous roots; stems 4-15 cm, ascending, sharply bent at nodes, branching at nodes near base to mid-stem, covered with minute stalked glands, gland-tipped hairs 0.1-0.3 mm, occasionally with minute sharp-pointed hairs bending backward without glands.

Mat-forming perennial from well-developed, creeping rhizomes, often with stolons as well, the stems 0.5-2 dm. tall, mostly glabrous.

Leaves

Leaves typically cauline, basal leaves commonly not persisting past flowering;

petiole 1-3 mm;

blade narrowly ovate or elliptic to lanceolate, 5-15 mm long and 2-6 mm broad, mostly even-sized or becoming slightly smaller distally, 3 palmately arranged veins, base becoming narrow, margins entire or finely toothed, apex acute to obtuse, sometimes glandular-hairy as stems.

Leaves opposite, mostly sessile, the blade under 2.5 cm. long, elliptic to ovate, slightly reduced upward, with a few irregular teeth, sub-palmately veined.

Flowers

Axillary flowers 10-20, emerging from nodes at mid- to ends of stems; fruiting pedicels not bent or curved, 5-11 mm, glandular-hairy as stems;

calyx winged, ridged, bell-shaped becoming somewhat ovoid-ellipsoid, strongly inflated, 5-6 mm, margins significantly toothed or lobed, sparsely covered with small rigid hairs, no glands or occasionally slightly sessile-glandular, lobes pronounced, erect;

corollas yellow with red spots or stripes, with bilateral symmetry and weakly bilabiate;

tube-throat cylindric to slenderly funnel-shaped, 3.5-5 mm, not protruding past calyx margin;

limb minutely widened, lobes broadly obovate with rounded apexes;

styles glabrous;

anthers not protruding, glabrous.

Flowers few, solitary in the leaf axils, on long pedicels;

calyx 5-toothed, irregular, the upper tooth much the largest, the 2 lower ones tending to fold upward;

corolla large for the size of the plant, 2-4 cm. long, strongly bilabiate, with flaring throat, yellow with maroon dots or splotches on the pubescent lower lip;

stamens 4.

Fruit(s)

Capsules 4-6 mm, included.

Capsule.