Burke: Corylus cornuta vs. Betulaceae

	Corylus cornuta	Betulaceae
	beaked hazelnut
Habit	Multi-stemmed shrub 1-4 meters tall with alternate leaves. First-year twigs typically hairy to glandular, becoming glabrous (smooth) in second year.
Leaves	5-10 mm long petioles with 4-10 cm long blades; base of blade flat or somewhat heart-shaped; leaf margins doubly serrate; tip of blades coming to a point gradually or abruptly.
Flowers	All plants have separate male (staminate) and female (pistillate) flowers. Male flowers are arranged sprirally along a pendulous (dangling) catkin; female flowers enclosed in bracts at the tip of the twigs with only the red stigmas visible.
Fruits	1.5 cm. long, hard-shelled nut enclosed within a prickly-haired tube formed by the involucre (cluster of bracts) originating at the nut base.
Comments	The nuts are often harvested shortly after ripening by squirrels and other cache-forming animals.

	Corylus cornuta	Betulaceae
Flowering time	January-March
Habitat	Forest edge and openings, thickets, and rocky slopes at low to middle elevations.
Distribution	Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and eastern North America. [WildflowerSearch map] [BONAP county map]	[BONAP county map]
Origin	Native	Native
Conservation status	Not of concern	Not of concern
Sibling taxa	C. avellana
Subordinate taxa	C. cornuta ssp. californica, C. cornuta ssp. cornuta
Web links	Local floras: BC, OR, WA Local Web sites: Flora NW, PNW Herbaria WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search	Local floras: CA, OR Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos, Flora NW, PNW Herbaria WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search

Betulaceae

beaked hazelnut

Habit

Multi-stemmed shrub 1-4 meters tall with alternate leaves. First-year twigs typically hairy to glandular, becoming glabrous (smooth) in second year.

Leaves

5-10 mm long petioles with 4-10 cm long blades;

base of blade flat or somewhat heart-shaped; leaf margins doubly serrate;

tip of blades coming to a point gradually or abruptly.

Flowers

All plants have separate male (staminate) and female (pistillate) flowers. Male flowers are arranged sprirally along a pendulous (dangling) catkin; female flowers enclosed in bracts at the tip of the twigs with only the red stigmas visible.

Fruits

1.5 cm. long, hard-shelled nut enclosed within a prickly-haired tube formed by the involucre (cluster of bracts) originating at the nut base.

Comments

The nuts are often harvested shortly after ripening by squirrels and other cache-forming animals.

Corylus cornuta

Betulaceae

Flowering time

January-March

Habitat

Forest edge and openings, thickets, and rocky slopes at low to middle elevations.

Distribution

Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and eastern North America.

[WildflowerSearch map]

[BONAP county map]