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great brome, ripgut brome, ripgut grass

Habit Annual, the culms 4-8 dm. tall, usually glabrous. Perennial, the culms 3-10 dm. tall, glabrous to pubescent.
Leaves

Leaf blades flat, 3-10 mm. wide;

sheaths with soft, spreading hairs;

ligules lacerate, 3-5 mm. long;

auricles lacking.

Sheaths closed, usually pubescent;

auricles tiny, if any;

ligules 1-3 mm. long;

blades nearly flat, glabrous or pubescent, 3-12 mm. broad.

Flowers

Inflorescence a spreading to erect panicle 10-15 cm. long, the branches elongate, bearing only 1-2 spikelets;

spikelets 5- to 7-flowered, 2.5-4 cm. long, broadest above mid-length;

glumes glabrous, narrowly lanceolate, the first 1-nerved, 15-20 mm. long, the second 3-nerved, 25-33 mm. long;

lemmas 25-30 mm. long, puberulent, the 2 teeth slender, 3-4 mm. long, the awn attached between the teeth 3.5-6 cm. long, straight;

stamens 3.

Inflorescence a narrow panicle 10-25 cm. long, the branches usually ascending;

spikelets 2-3 cm. long, strongly compressed, 5- to 10-flowered;

glumes lanceolate-acuminate, keeled, the first 5-9 mm. long, the second nearly twice as long;

lemmas keeled, shallowly bifid at the tip, with a straight awn 3-15 mm. long.

Fruits

Utricle

Bromus diandrus

Bromus carinatus

Flowering time April-June May-August
Habitat Grassy balds, prairies, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas at low to moderate elevations. Grasslands, meadows, and forest openings from sea level to subalpine.
Distribution
Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, southern Great Plains, and in eastern North America.
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
British Columbia south to Mexico, east to Rocky Mountains.
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Origin Introduced from Europe Native
Conservation status Not of concern Not of concern
Sibling taxa
B. arenarius, B. briziformis, B. ciliatus, B. commutatus, B. erectus, B. hordeaceus, B. inermis, B. japonicus, B. madritensis, B. orcuttianus, B. pacificus, B. pumpellianus, B. racemosus, B. rubens, B. secalinus, B. sitchensis, B. squarrosus, B. sterilis, B. suksdorfii, B. tectorum, B. vulgaris
B. arenarius, B. briziformis, B. ciliatus, B. commutatus, B. diandrus, B. erectus, B. hordeaceus, B. inermis, B. japonicus, B. madritensis, B. orcuttianus, B. pacificus, B. pumpellianus, B. racemosus, B. rubens, B. secalinus, B. sitchensis, B. squarrosus, B. sterilis, B. suksdorfii, B. tectorum, B. vulgaris
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