Burke: Botrychium paradoxum vs. Botrychium pedunculosum

	Botrychium paradoxum	Botrychium pedunculosum
	paradox moonwort, two-spiked moonwort	stalked moonwort
Habit		Terrestrial perennials up to 15 cm, from 10 or fewer yellow to brown roots 0.5-1.5 mm in diameter at 1 cm from base. 8-26 mm.
Leaves		Trophophore blade dull green and leathery, ovate-oblong to deltate-oblong, 1-pinnate, up to 4.5 cm long and 2 cm broad, stalk 8-26 mm; trophophore pinnae in up to 5 pairs, slightly ascending, space between 1st and 2nd pinnae equal to or less than the spaces between 2nd and 3rd pairs, basal pinna pair approximately same size and cutting as adjacent pair, ovate-rhombic to spatulate, lobed to apex, margin entire to unevenly lobed, apex rounded to acute, venation pinnate; sporophores 1-3-pinnate, 2-4 times the length of the trophophore.
Spores		Sporangium nearly completely exposed, borne in 2 rows on pinnate sporophore branches; spore surfaces wrinkled and somewhat warty.

	Botrychium paradoxum	Botrychium pedunculosum
Habitat	Montane to subalpine meadows.	Mesic, montane meadows to dense forests.
Distribution	Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern Canada to Utah and Colorado, w to central Washington, northeast Oregon, and disjunct in California. [WildflowerSearch map] [BONAP county map]	Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to northwestern Montana, and in eastern Canada. [WildflowerSearch map] [BONAP county map]
Origin	Native	Native
Conservation status	Threatened in Washington (WANHP)	Sensitive in Washington (WANHP)
Sibling taxa	B. ascendens, B. crenulatum, B. hesperium, B. lanceolatum, B. michiganense, B. minganense, B. montanum, B. neolunaria, B. pedunculosum, B. pinnatum, B. simplex, B. viride	B. ascendens, B. crenulatum, B. hesperium, B. lanceolatum, B. michiganense, B. minganense, B. montanum, B. neolunaria, B. paradoxum, B. pinnatum, B. simplex, B. viride
Web links	Local floras: BC, CA, OR, WA Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos, Flora NW, PNW Herbaria WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search	Local floras: BC, OR, WA Local Web sites: Flora NW, PNW Herbaria WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search

Botrychium pedunculosum

paradox moonwort, two-spiked moonwort

stalked moonwort

Habit

Terrestrial perennials up to 15 cm, from 10 or fewer yellow to brown roots 0.5-1.5 mm in diameter at 1 cm from base. 8-26 mm.

Leaves

Trophophore blade dull green and leathery, ovate-oblong to deltate-oblong, 1-pinnate, up to 4.5 cm long and 2 cm broad, stalk 8-26 mm; trophophore pinnae in up to 5 pairs, slightly ascending, space between 1st and 2nd pinnae equal to or less than the spaces between 2nd and 3rd pairs, basal pinna pair approximately same size and cutting as adjacent pair, ovate-rhombic to spatulate, lobed to apex, margin entire to unevenly lobed, apex rounded to acute, venation pinnate; sporophores 1-3-pinnate, 2-4 times the length of the trophophore.

Spores

Sporangium nearly completely exposed, borne in 2 rows on pinnate sporophore branches; spore surfaces wrinkled and somewhat warty.

Botrychium paradoxum

Botrychium pedunculosum

Habitat

Montane to subalpine meadows.

Mesic, montane meadows to dense forests.

Distribution

Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern Canada to Utah and Colorado, w to central Washington, northeast Oregon, and disjunct in California.

[WildflowerSearch map]

[BONAP county map]