Trifolium vesiculosum |
Trifolium fragiferum |
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arrowleaf clover |
strawberry clover |
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Habit | Plants annual, erect or ascending, 15–70 cm, glabrous; branched. | Plants perennial, prostrate or creeping, 5–50 cm, pubescent or glabrous; branched; rooting at nodes. |
Leaves | pinnate; leaflets 3, obovate to oblong, elliptic or lanceolate, 5–40 × 5–15 mm, bases cuneate; margins spinulose-denticulate; veins prominent, thickened; tips apiculate; surfaces glabrous; petioles 5–100 mm; petiolules ~1 mm; stipules linear-lanceolate, 10–35 mm; margins entire; tips subulate or setaceous. |
pinnate; leaflets 3; ovate, obovate, or elliptic, 5–30 × 3–15 mm, bases cuneate; margins spinulose-denticulate; veins prominent, thickened, curved; tips obtuse, often retuse; surfaces abaxially hairy, adaxially glabrous; petioles 10–90 mm; petiolules ~1 mm; stipules linear or lanceolate, dilated proximally, 13–20 mm; margins entire; tips subulate or acuminate. |
Inflorescences | terminal or axillary, 50–100+-flowered, globose; ovoid, or oblong, 30–60 × 20–35 mm; involucres absent; bracteoles lanceolate, 6–7 mm, nearly as long as calyces, acuminate. |
axillary; erect or ascending, 10–30-flowered, globose, 8–20 × 8–20 mm, distinctly involucrate by bracts of proximal flowers; involucres cup-shaped; bracts distinct or connate proximally, lanceolate-oblong, 3–6 mm; bracteoles linear or lanceolate, 2–3 mm, acuminate or 2-fid. |
Peduncles | 10–120 mm. |
30–170 mm. |
Pedicels | absent. |
straight; ? 0.5 mm. |
Flowers | 12–16 mm; calyces urceolate; symmetrical, inflated in fruit, 6–10 mm, glabrous; veins 20–36, connected transversely in fruit; tubes 3–5 mm; lobes reflexed, subulate, subequal; as long as tube; orifices constricted; corollas 12–15 mm, white becoming pink; banners ovate, broadly clawed, 12–15 × 2–4 mm, striate; tips acute-acuminate. |
6–8 mm; calyces tubular, inflated in fruit, markedly asymmetric-bilabiate, 2.5–7 mm, usually pilose to woolly, sometimes glabrescent; veins 5–10, connected by reticulating lateral veins; tubes 2–7 mm; lobes unequal; abaxial straight; ? tube; very unequal in fruit; adaxial spreading in fruit; < tube; orifices open; corollas 5–8 mm, white to pink; banners oblong-lanceolate, 5–8 × 2 mm; tips emarginate to crenulate. |
Fruits | ellipsoid, 2.5–3.5 mm; < calyces. |
ovoid, 2.5–3 mm; < calyces; long-beaked. |
Seeds | 2–3; ovoid, 1–1.5 mm, brown, roughened. |
1–2, globose-reniform, 1–1.4 mm, tan or brown-spotted; smooth; dull. |
2n | =16. |
=16. |
Trifolium vesiculosum |
Trifolium fragiferum |
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Distribution | ||
Discussion | Fields, roadsides, forest openings. Flowering Jun–Aug. 0–300 m. CR, WV. CA, WA; southeastern US; Asia, Europe. Exotic. Trifolium vesiculosum is native to Eurasia and is a recently introduced forage crop, the first cultivar of which was introduced in 1963; it is cultivated in the southern and western United States. |
Meadows, fields, roadsides, sandy and saline soil. Flowering Jul–Sep. 0–1500 m. BR, Col, ECas, Est, Lava, Owy, Sisk, WV. CA, ID, NV, WA; scattered in North America; Africa, Asia, Europe. Exotic. Trifolium fragiferum is native to Eurasia. It is cultivated for pastures and in mixtures with grass for hay and silage and to a lesser extent as groundcover in orchards and vineyards and as a green manure cover crop (St. John et al. 2010). |
Source | Flora of Oregon, volume 2, page 739 Michael Vincent |
Flora of Oregon, volume 2, page 728 Michael Vincent |
Sibling taxa | ||
Web links |
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