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foothill clover

strawberry clover

Habit Plants annual, erect, 5–50 cm, glabrous or sparsely hairy; branched. Plants perennial, prostrate or creeping, 5–50 cm, pubescent or glabrous; branched; rooting at nodes.
Leaves

palmate;

leaflets 3, elliptic to oblong or obovate, 8–35 × 5–15 mm, bases cuneate;

margins serrate proximally, obscurely denticulate distally;

veins thickened;

tips usually rounded or retuse, rarely acute;

surfaces glabrous;

petioles 10–130 mm;

petiolules ~0.5 mm;

stipules ovate-lanceolate, 10–15 mm;

margins entire, sometimes ciliate;

tips acuminate.

pinnate;

leaflets 3; ovate, obovate, or elliptic, 5–30 × 3–15 mm, bases cuneate;

margins spinulose-denticulate;

veins prominent, thickened, curved;

tips obtuse, often retuse;

surfaces abaxially hairy, adaxially glabrous;

petioles 10–90 mm;

petiolules ~1 mm;

stipules linear or lanceolate, dilated proximally, 13–20 mm;

margins entire;

tips subulate or acuminate.

Inflorescences

axillary or terminal, 10–30-flowered; ovoid becoming subglobose, 7–22 × 5–20 mm;

involucres a narrow, membranous, dentate rim; ~0.5 mm;

bracteoles linear or cup-shaped; ? 1 mm.

axillary; erect or ascending, 10–30-flowered, globose, 8–20 × 8–20 mm, distinctly involucrate by bracts of proximal flowers;

involucres cup-shaped;

bracts distinct or connate proximally, lanceolate-oblong, 3–6 mm;

bracteoles linear or lanceolate, 2–3 mm, acuminate or 2-fid.

Peduncles

25–120 mm.

30–170 mm.

Pedicels

erect but becoming reflexed, 0.5–6 mm.

straight; ? 0.5 mm.

Flowers

6–13 mm;

calyces broadly campanulate, 5–11 mm, glabrous;

veins 10;

tubes 1–5 mm;

lobes elliptic to linear, unequal;

margins hyaline, markedly ciliate, dentate or pectinate; sinuses narrow;

orifices open;

corollas 5–13 mm, white, pink, or purple;

banners broadly ovate, 6–13 × 4–7 mm;

tips rounded, apiculate.

6–8 mm;

calyces tubular, inflated in fruit, markedly asymmetric-bilabiate, 2.5–7 mm, usually pilose to woolly, sometimes glabrescent;

veins 5–10, connected by reticulating lateral veins;

tubes 2–7 mm;

lobes unequal; abaxial straight; ? tube; very unequal in fruit; adaxial spreading in fruit; < tube;

orifices open;

corollas 5–8 mm, white to pink;

banners oblong-lanceolate, 5–8 × 2 mm;

tips emarginate to crenulate.

Fruits

longitudinally dehiscent; ovoid, 5–10 mm; < 2 × as long as calyces; short-stipitate.

ovoid, 2.5–3 mm; < calyces; long-beaked.

Seeds

1–2; ovoid, 2.5–3 mm, brown, mottled; smooth.

1–2, globose-reniform, 1–1.4 mm, tan or brown-spotted; smooth; dull.

2n

=16.

=16.

Trifolium ciliolatum

Trifolium fragiferum

Distribution
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Oak-pine chaparral, meadows, roadsides. Flowering May–Jun. 50–800 m. Col, ECas, Sisk, WV. CA, WA; south to Mexico. Native.

Meadows, fields, roadsides, sandy and saline soil. Flowering Jul–Sep. 0–1500 m. BR, Col, ECas, Est, Lava, Owy, Sisk, WV. CA, ID, NV, WA; scattered in North America; Africa, Asia, Europe. Exotic.

Trifolium fragiferum is native to Eurasia. It is cultivated for pastures and in mixtures with grass for hay and silage and to a lesser extent as groundcover in orchards and vineyards and as a green manure cover crop (St. John et al. 2010).

Source Flora of Oregon, volume 2, page 725
Michael Vincent
Flora of Oregon, volume 2, page 728
Michael Vincent
Sibling taxa
T. albopurpureum, T. angustifolium, T. appendiculatum, T. arvense, T. aureum, T. barbigerum, T. beckwithii, T. bifidum, T. breweri, T. campestre, T. cernuum, T. cyathiferum, T. depauperatum, T. dichotomum, T. douglasii, T. dubium, T. echinatum, T. eriocephalum, T. fragiferum, T. fucatum, T. glomeratum, T. gymnocarpon, T. hirtum, T. howellii, T. hybridum, T. incarnatum, T. latifolium, T. leibergii, T. longipes, T. macraei, T. macrocephalum, T. microcephalum, T. microdon, T. obtusiflorum, T. oliganthum, T. owyheense, T. plumosum, T. pratense, T. productum, T. repens, T. resupinatum, T. retusum, T. siskiyouense, T. striatum, T. subterraneum, T. suffocatum, T. tomentosum, T. variegatum, T. vesiculosum, T. willdenovii, T. wormskioldii
T. albopurpureum, T. angustifolium, T. appendiculatum, T. arvense, T. aureum, T. barbigerum, T. beckwithii, T. bifidum, T. breweri, T. campestre, T. cernuum, T. ciliolatum, T. cyathiferum, T. depauperatum, T. dichotomum, T. douglasii, T. dubium, T. echinatum, T. eriocephalum, T. fucatum, T. glomeratum, T. gymnocarpon, T. hirtum, T. howellii, T. hybridum, T. incarnatum, T. latifolium, T. leibergii, T. longipes, T. macraei, T. macrocephalum, T. microcephalum, T. microdon, T. obtusiflorum, T. oliganthum, T. owyheense, T. plumosum, T. pratense, T. productum, T. repens, T. resupinatum, T. retusum, T. siskiyouense, T. striatum, T. subterraneum, T. suffocatum, T. tomentosum, T. variegatum, T. vesiculosum, T. willdenovii, T. wormskioldii
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