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milo, shattercane, sorghum

Johnson grass

Habit Plants annual or sometimes short-lived perennials, 50–500 cm tall, culms solitary or clustered, not rhizomatous. Plants perennial, 50–200 cm tall; rhizomatous.
Culms

1–5 cm thick.

0.4–2 cm thick.

Leaves

blades flat, 5–100 mm wide, glabrous or slightly scabrous.

blades flat, 8–40 mm wide, glabrous to slightly scabrous.

Inflorescences

open or dense, 5–60 × 3–30 cm, brown;

disarticulation tardy or not occurring.

open, 10–50 × 5–25 cm; dark reddish brown at maturity;

disarticulation below the sessile spikelets, or below the pedicellate spikelets.

Glumes

hard or leathery to membranous, glabrous to densely hairy;

keels winged.

hard; shiny, appressed pubescent.

Caryopses

exposed at maturity or not.

not exposed at maturity.

Sessile spikelets

3–9 mm; bisexual, dorsiventrally compressed.

3.8–6.5 × 1.5–2.3 mm; bisexual.

Pedicellate spikelets

3–6 mm, staminate or sterile.

3.6–5.6 mm, staminate.

Upper lemmas

awnless or awned;

lemma awns; if present, 5–30 mm; bent and twisted.

awnless or awned;

lemma awns; if present; bent, twisted; to 13 mm.

Anthers

2–2.8 mm.

1.9– 2.7 mm.

2n

=20, 40.

=20, 40.

Sorghum bicolor

Sorghum halepense

Distribution
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Disturbed areas, cultivated felds. 50–600m. Casc, Col, Sisk, WV. CA, ID, NV, WA; eastern Canada, throughout US; tropical and temperate regions worldwide. Exotic.

Sterile Sorghum bicolor plants may resemble corn.

Disturbed, often moist, grassy areas, roadsides. 50–600m. Col, CR, Est, Sisk, WV. CA, ID, NV, WA; south to Mexico; tropical and temperate regions worldwide. Exotic.

Sorghum halepense is a weedy, perennial grass that spreads from deeply buried rhizomes. At maturity, it can be recognized by the large, reddish brown inflorescences. Sorghum bicolor is usually annual, more robust, with a denser inflorescence.

Source Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 480
Barbara Wilson, Richard Brainerd, Nick Otting
Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 480
Barbara Wilson, Richard Brainerd, Nick Otting
Sibling taxa
S. halepense
S. bicolor
Synonyms Sorghum bicolor ssp. bicolor
Web links