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milk thistle

milk thistle

Habit Plants 1.5–30 dm. Herbs annual or biennial; taprooted.
Stems

erect; simple or branched distally, glabrous or lightly floccose-tomentose.

Leaves

6–50+ cm, with 1 main vein.

basal and cauline, alternate;

margins irregularly dentate to deeply incised or lobed;

lobes ± entire to dentate;

teeth and lobes spine-tipped;

tips acute or obtuse;

surfaces glabrous or minutely puberulent, white-blotched adaxially;

proximal petiolate;

distal sessile and auriculate-clasping.

Inflorescences

solitary heads; terminal or axillary.

Involucres

3–6 cm including spinetips.

ovoid to globose or hemispheric.

Receptacles

flat, covered with whitish bristles;

paleae 0.

Florets

25–100+;

corollas 25–35 mm, exserted from involucres, pink to purple.

bisexual;

corollas tubular, abruptly widened distally;

lobes 5; erect, elongate, linear;

stamens included or slightly exserted;

styles exserted;

stigma lobes minute.

Phyllaries

in 4–6 series; erect in flower, spreading in fruit, chartaceous, distally ± herbaceous;

surfaces glabrous; inner equal, lanceolate;

tips with or without terminal spines; outer lanceolate to ovate or round, gradually shorter;

margins spine-fringed;

tips acute to rounded.

Fruits

6–8 mm, brown to purple, mottled;

surfaces glabrous;

pappi 15–20 mm.

obovoid, tapering toward bases, truncate, pappi of numerous unequal, basally united bristles, deciduous.

Heads

discoid.

2n

=18.

Silybum marianum

Silybum

Distribution
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Roadsides, riverbanks, fields, disturbed areas. Flowering Apr–Sep. 0–300 m. CR, Est, Sisk, WV. CA, NV, WA; widely scattered in North America; Mediterranean. Exotic.

Mediterranean, North America. 2 species; 1 species treated in Flora.

Source Flora of Oregon, volume 2, page 343
Kenton Chambers
Flora of Oregon, volume 1
Subordinate taxa
S. marianum
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