Poa cusickii |
Poa rhizomata |
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Cusick's bluegrass |
rhizome bluegrass |
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Habit | Plants perennial, gynodioecious, or all pistillate, 10–60(70)cm long, usually densely cespitose with short rhizomes. | Plants perennial, subdioecious (many plants either staminate or pistillate, but others with bisexual florets), 20–65 cm long; loosely cespitose or with solitary shoots, short-rhizomatous. |
Basal branching | intravaginal or intra- and extravaginal. |
intra- and extravaginal or mainly extravaginal. |
Leaves | sheaths closed 25–75% of their length, bases of basal sheaths glabrous; collars smooth or scabrous, glabrous, ligules of cauline leaves 1–3(6)mm; tips truncate to acute, ligules of sterile shoots 0.2– 0.5(2.5)mm; tips usually truncate; blades involute to flat, 0.2– 3.5 mm wide; all about equal or the upper ones slightly reduced in length; upper surface usually densely scabrous or hispidulous to softly puberulent, infrequently nearly smooth and glabrous; lower surface smooth or scabrous; uppermost blade 0.5–5(6)cm. |
sheaths closed 50–67% of their length, bases of basal sheaths glabrous; collars smooth, glabrous, ligules of cauline leaves acute to acuminate, 2–8 mm long, ligules of sterile shoots 2–5 mm long, blades of tillers to 20 cm long; otherwise similar to cauline blades; cauline blades usually flat or V-shaped, occasionally folded, 1–3.5 mm wide; smooth or sparsely scabrous mainly over the veins and margins, distinctly keeled; blades gradually reduced higher on the culm; uppermost blades (1.4)3–6(8)cm long. |
Inflorescences | usually erect, tightly or loosely contracted, narrowly lanceoloid to ovoid, 2–10(12) cm; spikelets 10–100; branches erect or steeply ascending, 0.5–4(5)cm long, 1–3(5) per node, with 1–15 spikelets. |
nodding at the tips; ovoid; sparse; (2)4–10 cm; spikelets 20–50; branches ascending to spreading; lax, 1.5–4.5 cm long, 1–2(4) per node, with 2–7 spikelets. |
Spikelets | broadly lanceolate to narrowly ovate; to 3 times as long as wide; (3)4–10 mm; florets 2–6; rachilla internodes 0.5–1.2 mm long. |
(4)6–9(12)mm; to 3.5 times as long as wide; florets 3–8; rachilla internodes smooth or sparsely scabrous, glabrous or infrequently sparsely softly puberulent. |
Glumes | lanceolate; lower glumes 3-veined, distinctly shorter than the lowest lemma. |
narrowly lanceolate to lanceolate; over 50% as long as adjacent lemmas; keels scabrous; lower glumes 1–3(5)-veined. |
Calluses | glabrous or with short; sparse, sometimes diffuse cobwebby hairs less than 25% of the lemma length. |
with cobwebby hairs more than half as long as the lemma. |
Lemmas | lanceolate to broadly lanceolate; (3)4–7 mm, distinctly keeled, membranous; smooth or sparsely to densely scabrous, glabrous throughout, or keels and/or marginal veins softly puberulent near the base; tips acute. |
lanceolate, 4–6.5 mm, distinctly keeled; keels and marginal veins sparsely short- to long-villous; area between veins sparsely scabrous, glabrous, 5–7-veined; tips acute. |
Anthers | vestigial and 0.1–0.2 mm, aborted late in development, or well developed and 2–3.5 mm. |
vestigial and 0.1–0.2 mm, or 2.5–4 mm. |
Culm(s) | 0.5–1.8 mm thick; nodes terete, 0–2 exserted. |
nodes terete, 1–2 exserted. |
2n | =28. |
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Poa cusickii |
Poa rhizomata |
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Distribution | ||
Discussion | 4 subspecies. Poa cusickii is a common upland bluegrass with a dense inflorescence. It is usually densely cespitose, though some plants may have short rhizomes. Similar P. fendleriana has reduced uppermost flag blades, and lemmas with silky hairs on the keels and marginal veins. Poa leibergii has narrower leaves and usually longer ligules. Poa wheeleri can be misidentified as P. cusickii if the specimen is collected without its distinctive scabrous leaf sheaths. Poa pringlei, restricted to southwestern Oregon near the California border, has longer ligules, sheaths closed to about a third their length, and glabrous (to scabrous) lemmas. It is dioecious, whereas P. cusickii plants are bisexual or entirely pistillate. |
Rocky gabbro or peridotite soils in montane, mixed conifer forests. 500–2200m. Sisk. CA. Native. Poa rhizomata resembles P. pratensis with sparse inflorescences. Poa pratensis has truncate to rounded ligules and bisexual, usually smaller florets. Poa chambersii is somewhat similar but has more closed sheaths, shorter ligules, glabrous or less hairy lemmas, and calluses glabrous or with sparser, shorter cobwebby hairs. |
Source | Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 455 Rob Soreng, Barbara Wilson, Richard Brainerd, Nick Otting |
Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 464 Rob Soreng, Barbara Wilson, Richard Brainerd, Nick Otting |
Sibling taxa | ||
Subordinate taxa | ||
Web links |
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