Poa cusickii |
Poa macrantha |
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Cusick's bluegrass |
seashore bluegrass |
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Habit | Plants perennial, gynodioecious, or all pistillate, 10–60(70)cm long, usually densely cespitose with short rhizomes. | Plants perennial, dioecious, (7)15–60 cm tall; loosely cespitose, rhizomatous, and stoloniferous, rhizomes and stolons to 400 cm long. |
Culms | 0.5–1.8 mm thick; nodes terete, 0–2 exserted. |
stout, 1.5–2 mm thick; nodes terete, 0(1) exserted. |
Basal branching | intravaginal or intra- and extravaginal. |
mainly intravaginal; some extravaginal. |
Leaves | sheaths closed 25–75% of their length, bases of basal sheaths glabrous; collars smooth or scabrous, glabrous, ligules of cauline leaves 1–3(6)mm; tips truncate to acute, ligules of sterile shoots 0.2– 0.5(2.5)mm; tips usually truncate; blades involute to flat, 0.2– 3.5 mm wide; all about equal or the upper ones slightly reduced in length; upper surface usually densely scabrous or hispidulous to softly puberulent, infrequently nearly smooth and glabrous; lower surface smooth or scabrous; uppermost blade 0.5–5(6)cm. |
sheaths closed about 50% of their length, bases of basal sheaths glabrous; collars smooth, glabrous; ligules 1–5 mm; blades moderately to densely scabrous or minutely hairy on and between veins, blades of tillers to 30 cm; cauline blades involute; somewhat arcuate, 2–4 mm wide; uppermost blades 1–10 cm. |
Inflorescences | usually erect, tightly or loosely contracted, narrowly lanceoloid to ovoid, 2–10(12) cm; spikelets 10–100; branches erect or steeply ascending, 0.5–4(5)cm long, 1–3(5) per node, with 1–15 spikelets. |
erect; ovoid to lanceolate, contracted, often interrupted, 3–15 cm; spikelets 15–80; branches 1-2; erect, 1–6 cm; stiff, with 3–17 spikelets. |
Spikelets | broadly lanceolate to narrowly ovate; to 3 times as long as wide; (3)4–10 mm; florets 2–6; rachilla internodes 0.5–1.2 mm long. |
9–17 mm; to 3 times as long as wide; florets 3–6(10). |
Glumes | lanceolate; lower glumes 3-veined, distinctly shorter than the lowest lemma. |
broadly lanceolate, subequal to adjacent florets; keels sparsely scabrous near tips; lower glumes 3-veined; upper glumes usually more than 7 mm, 3–5-veined. |
Calluses | glabrous or with short; sparse, sometimes diffuse cobwebby hairs less than 25% of the lemma length. |
usually with a line of crisp to sinuous hairs around the base of the lemma, sometimes glabrous or with diffuse; short; cobwebby hairs. |
Lemmas | lanceolate to broadly lanceolate; (3)4–7 mm, distinctly keeled, membranous; smooth or sparsely to densely scabrous, glabrous throughout, or keels and/or marginal veins softly puberulent near the base; tips acute. |
lanceolate; (6)7.5–11 mm, 5–7(11)-veined, distinctly keeled; keels and marginal veins, sometimes also intermediate veins; short-villous to softly puberulent; area between veins smooth to scabrous, glabrous or softly puberulent; tips acute. |
Anthers | vestigial and 0.1–0.2 mm, aborted late in development, or well developed and 2–3.5 mm. |
vestigial and 0.1–0.2 mm, or (2)3–4(5)mm. |
2n | =28. |
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Poa cusickii |
Poa macrantha |
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Distribution | ||
Discussion | 4 subspecies. Poa cusickii is a common upland bluegrass with a dense inflorescence. It is usually densely cespitose, though some plants may have short rhizomes. Similar P. fendleriana has reduced uppermost flag blades, and lemmas with silky hairs on the keels and marginal veins. Poa leibergii has narrower leaves and usually longer ligules. Poa wheeleri can be misidentified as P. cusickii if the specimen is collected without its distinctive scabrous leaf sheaths. Poa pringlei, restricted to southwestern Oregon near the California border, has longer ligules, sheaths closed to about a third their length, and glabrous (to scabrous) lemmas. It is dioecious, whereas P. cusickii plants are bisexual or entirely pistillate. |
Coastal sand dunes. 0–100m. Est. CA, WA; north to AK. Native. |
Source | Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 455 Rob Soreng, Barbara Wilson, Richard Brainerd, Nick Otting |
Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 460 Rob Soreng, Barbara Wilson, Richard Brainerd, Nick Otting |
Sibling taxa | ||
Subordinate taxa | ||
Web links |
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