Poa annua |
Poa bulbosa |
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annual bluegrass |
bulbous bluegrass |
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Habit | Plants annual, rarely biennial, 2–20(45)cm tall; cespitose. | Plants perennial but often appearing annual, producing bulblets, 15–60 cm tall, green; cespitose. |
Culms | nodes terete or weakly compressed. |
bulbous at the base; nodes terete. |
Basal branching | intravaginal. |
intravaginal. |
Leaves | sheaths closed about 33% of their length; ligules 0.5–3(5) mm; blades flat or weakly folded, 1–10 cm × 1–3(6)mm; smooth. |
sheaths closed about 25% of their length; basal sheaths swollen at the base; ligules 1–3 mm; blades flat, 1–2.5 mm wide; soon withering. |
Inflorescences | 1–7(10)cm; branches ascending to spreading or reflexed. |
ovoid, 3–12 cm; branches 2–5 per node, ascending to spreading. |
Spikelets | 3–5 mm long; florets 2–6; rachilla internodes smooth, glabrous; more or less concealed, occasionally exposed; distal rachilla internode less than 50(75)% of the length of distal lemma. |
3–5 mm; florets 3–7, commonly all or all but the lowest producing bulblets, occasionally all producing seeds. |
Glumes | lower glumes smooth, 1-veined. |
keels scabrous; lower glumes 3-veined; upper glumes shorter than or subequal to lowest lemma. |
Calluses | glabrous. |
with cobwebby hairs or glabrous. |
Lemmas | lanceolate, 2.5–4 mm, keeled; smooth; keels; marginal veins; and usually intermediate veins crisply puberulent to long-villous, rarely glabrous; area between veins glabrous; tips obtuse to acute. |
lanceolate, 3–4 mm, distinctly keeled, glabrous throughout, or keels and marginal veins shortto long-villous; area between veins glabrous or softly puberulent; tips acute. |
Anthers | 0.6–1.1 mm, oblong. |
developed and 1.4–2 mm, or aborted late in development, or not developed. |
2n | =28. |
=21–42. |
Poa annua |
Poa bulbosa |
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Distribution | ||
Discussion | Disturbed areas, parking lots, lawns, shores. 0–1700m. BR, BW, Casc, Col, CR, Est, Lava, Sisk, WV. CA, ID, NV, WA; throughout southern Canada and US; worldwide. Exotic. Poa annua is a small but abundant annual with spreading inflorescence branches and oblong anthers. Poa infirma is very similar but has ascending inflorescence branches and shorter, nearly spherical anthers. Poa supina, supine bluegrass, has inflorescences similar to P. annua, but it is a stoloniferous perennial with longer anthers. It is planted on shady golf courses and lawns where it forms dense, spongy turf. It has not been found in the wild in Oregon but is expected to escape here. |
Sunny to partly shady disturbed grasslands, shrub steppe, roadsides. 0–2300 m. All ecoregions except Est. CA, ID, NV, WA; throughout US; Mexico; temperate regions worldwide. Exotic. Poa bulbosa is usually recognized by the bulblets produced in the inflorescence. Occasional non-bulblet-producing plants can be recognized by their bulb-like shoot bases and the presence of bulb-bearing individuals nearby. Some botanists recognize two subspecies, P. b. ssp. bulbosa producing only normal caryopses and P. b. ssp. vivipara, producing bulblets. In Oregon, populations either are entirely viviparous or include both viviparous and seed-producing plants. |
Source | Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 453 Rob Soreng, Barbara Wilson, Richard Brainerd, Nick Otting |
Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 454 Rob Soreng, Barbara Wilson, Richard Brainerd, Nick Otting |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Poa bulbosa ssp. bulbosa, Poa bulbosa ssp. vivipara | |
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