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panic grass, witchgrass

Habit Plants annual or perennial, cespitose.
Leaves

cauline and basal, not forming an overwintering basal rosette;

ligules membranous with cilia;

blades flat or folded, glabrous to spreading pubescent.

Inflorescences

terminal and often axillary panicles;

disarticulation below the glumes, sometimes at the base of the upper florets.

Spikelets

dorsiventrally compressed, sometimes subterete or laterally compressed, 1–8 mm; awnless.

Glumes

unequal; ours glabrous to scabrous;

lower glumes absent to almost as long as the spikelets, 1–9-veined;

upper glumes approximately as long as the spikelets to much longer, 3–13(15)-veined, membranous.

Caryopses

smooth.

Lower florets

sterile or staminate; the lower lemma similar to the upper glume.

Upper florets

bisexual; the upper lemma hard and leathery, usually shiny, glabrous, usually smooth;

margins involute and usually clasping the palea.

Upper paleas

striate, rarely transversely rugose.

Anthers

3.

Panicum amarum

Panicum

Distribution
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Tropical and warm-temperate regions. Approximately 500 species; 4 species treated in Flora.

Panicum species are easily confused with Dichanthelium, hence the inclusion of the latter genus in the key below. Panicum species are warm-season grasses that use C4 photosynthesis, while members of the genus Dichanthelium, formerly placed in Panicum, are cool-season grasses that use C3 photosynthesis.

Source Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 439
Barbara Wilson, Richard Brainerd, Nick Otting
Sibling taxa
P. capillare, P. dichotomiflorum, P. miliaceum, P. rigidulum
Subordinate taxa
P. capillare, P. dichotomiflorum, P. miliaceum, P. rigidulum
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