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Lomatium packardiae

broad-fruit lomatium, broad nineleaf lomatium, nineleaf lomatium, Packard's lomatium

Lomatium klickitatense

Klickitat biscuitroot, Klickitat lomatium

Habit Plants acaulescent, subacaulescent, or caulescent. Plants subacaulescent or caulescent.
Roots

slender, elongate taproots or irregularly thickened, elongate taproots with an elongate and slender upper portion 1–6 cm.

stout, irregularly thickened taproots.

Caudices

simple, 2–3-branched or multicipital;

basal leaf sheaths from previous years weathering into a sparse thatch of a few; loose fibers or chaffy scales at base of stem or pseudoscape, previous year’s peduncles sometimes persistent in thatch as gray stalks.

simple or multicipital;

basal leaf sheaths from previous years weathering into a dense thatch of fibers and chaffy scales at base of stem, previous year’s peduncles long-persistent in thatch as gray stalks.

Stems

absent or 10–20 cm; pseudoscapes absent or < 1 cm, obscured by leaf sheaths and thatch.

4–15 dm.

Basal leaves

biternate or 1–3-pinnate, glabrous, glabrate or sparsely puberulent or scaberulose along midnerves and margins, sparsely scabrous or pubescent below and glabrate or pubescent on midnerves above;

primary leaflets ternate or pinnate, 0–6 secondary leaflet pairs along each rachis;

laterals half to subequal to central primary in length;

secondaries pinnate; pinnatifid, ternate or entire;

tertiaries absent; entire; pinnatifid (2–3-lobed), ultimate apical lobes linear, narrowly elliptic, or narrowly oblong, 10–120 × 0.4–12 mm;

tips acute or acuminate, mucronulate or not.

glabrous;

primary leaflets pinnate, 5–8 secondary leaflet pairs along each rachis;

laterals at least half to subequal to central primary in length;

secondaries pinnate;

tertiaries pinnate; quaternaries entire or pinnatifid (3–20-lobed), ultimate leaflet pinnules not leafy to base, with a naked intercostal region between rachilla and basal-most pinnule (appearing like a petiolule); (4.5)5–8 mm, ultimate apical lobes linear; in cross section subterete; (6.5)7–15 × 0.1–0.4 mm;

tips acuminate.

Cauline leaves

0–2, similar to basal.

1–3 (more in robust plants), glabrous, similar to basal.

Inflorescences

peduncles 1–6, 10–35 cm, glabrate or sparsely to moderately scaberulose or puberulent;

involucral bracts 0;

rays 3–25, 1.5–12 cm, glabrate, sparsely scaberulose, or puberulent;

involucel bractlets 0–12, linear or lanceolate, 1–6 × 0.1–0.4 mm, glabrous; entire;

margins narrowly scarious or not;

umbellets 10–70-flowered;

pedicels 2–8 mm, glabrous, glabrate, scaberulose on ridges.

peduncles 1–10+; stout, not inflated, 30–60 cm, 6–8 mm wide (1 cm below tip), glabrous;

involucral bracts 0;

rays 16–30, 4–12 cm, glabrous;

involucel bractlets 0–10, linear or lanceolate, 2–10 × 0.1–0.6 mm;

margins narrowly scarious;

umbellets 10–40-flowered;

pedicels 9–15 mm.

Flowers

petals ochroleucous or yellow;

anthers ochroleucous or yellow.

petals yellow;

anthers yellow or ochroleucous.

Fruits

oblong, narrowly oblong, elliptic or obovate, 7–16 mm, glabrous, glabrate, or sparsely scaberulose or puberulent;

body 1.3–4 mm wide;

wings 0.7–3 mm; thin;

vittae 1 in intervals, 2 on commissure.

oblong or elliptic, 9–16 mm, glabrous;

body 3–6 mm;

wings 1–2 mm; thin;

vittae 1–2 in intervals, 2–6 on commissure.

Lomatium triternatum

Lomatium klickitatense

Distribution
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
[WildflowerSearch map]
Discussion

Diverse habitat types but most commonly on open slopes, meadows, rocky hillsides. Flowering Feb–Jul. 0–2600 m. BR, BW, Col, CR, ECas, Lava, Owy, Sisk, WV. CA, ID, NV, WA. north to British Columbia, northeast to Alberta, east to CO, southeast to AZ. Native.

Lomatium triternatum is a complex with many ecotypes and morphotypes. Numerous varieties have been named, and some have been delimited at the species level. The ecotypes that have been named include: 1) acaulescent or caulescent plants with pubescent, short narrow apical leaflets lobes (1–4 mm wide) [= L. packardiae]; 2) caulescent plants with short narrow apical leaflets and lobes (1–2 mm wide) that are variously pubescent [= L. tamanitchii; L. triternatum var. brevifolium]; 3) caulescent plants with broad, short leaflets (10–50 × 2–8 mm) [= L. anomalum]; 4) caulescent plants from the west side of the Cascades with very long and broad leaflets (50–120 × 1–12 mm) [= L. triternatum var. macrocarpum]; 5) plants with strictly ternate lateral leaflets with lobes long and narrow (20–90 × 0.4–1.5 mm) and fruit wings (2–3 mm) equal to or wider than the body [= L. simplex]. All of these forms grade into each other imperceptibly, and often more than one form can be found on a herbarium sheet. Although Lesica and Kittlelson (2013) make a robust argu­ment for the separation of L. anomalum from L. triternatum, the condition of the types of L. anomalum prevents the reliable assignment of this name to any of the named ecotypes of L. triternatum. The types are in a mature fruiting stage with dried and withered leaves. Additionally, the leaves are fragmented, and the length and width of the leaflet lobes cannot be determined. The name needs epitypification before it can be applied to forms in the remainder of the range of L. triternatum, regard­less of how other workers have applied this name to specific morphological variants in the past.

Talus slopes, rock outcrops, cliff faces, rocky hillsides, open rocky sites in the forest understory. Flowering May. 50–100 m. ECas. WA. Native.

In Oregon, this taxon has been mostly overlooked or collected when the leaflets are not fully expanded. It is found commonly on slopes and hillsides along the Columbia River near the town of Hood River and on slopes in the Klickitat River drainage in Washington. This taxon is replaced abruptly by L. papilioniferum eastward near the town of Mosier and westward just east of Mitchell Point. It is not known how far south this taxon extends, but L. papilioniferum is found just outside this subregion in Tygh Valley. The distribution of L. klickitatense suggests that it is a Pleistocene relict. Modern contact with L. papilioniferum may be a result of that taxon’s post-Pleistocene range expansion westward as the cliffs and talus along the Columbia Gorge became drier, hotter, and more exposed.

Source Flora of Oregon, volume 2, page 126
Jason Alexander
Flora of Oregon, volume 2, page 119
Jason Alexander
Sibling taxa
L. ambiguum, L. bentonitum, L. bradshawii, L. brunsfeldianum, L. californicum, L. canbyi, L. columbianum, L. cookii, L. cous, L. cusickii, L. dissectum, L. donnellii, L. engelmannii, L. erythrocarpum, L. farinosum, L. foeniculaceum, L. gormanii, L. greenmanii, L. hallii, L. hendersonii, L. howellii, L. klickitatense, L. laevigatum, L. leptocarpum, L. macrocarpum, L. martindalei, L. minus, L. nevadense, L. nudicaule, L. ochocense, L. oreganum, L. papilioniferum, L. pastorale, L. peckianum, L. piperi, L. ravenii, L. rollinsii, L. roseanum, L. serpentinum, L. suksdorfii, L. triternatum, L. utriculatum, L. vaginatum, L. watsonii
L. ambiguum, L. bentonitum, L. bradshawii, L. brunsfeldianum, L. californicum, L. canbyi, L. columbianum, L. cookii, L. cous, L. cusickii, L. dissectum, L. donnellii, L. engelmannii, L. erythrocarpum, L. farinosum, L. foeniculaceum, L. gormanii, L. greenmanii, L. hallii, L. hendersonii, L. howellii, L. laevigatum, L. leptocarpum, L. macrocarpum, L. martindalei, L. minus, L. nevadense, L. nudicaule, L. ochocense, L. oreganum, L. papilioniferum, L. pastorale, L. peckianum, L. piperi, L. ravenii, L. rollinsii, L. roseanum, L. serpentinum, L. suksdorfii, L. triternatum, L. utriculatum, L. vaginatum, L. watsonii
Synonyms Lomatium alatum, Lomatium anomalum, Lomatium brevifolium, Lomatium packardiae, Lomatium platycarpum, Lomatium robustius, Lomatium simplex, Lomatium simplex var. leptophyllum, Lomatium simplex var. simplex, Lomatium triternatum ssp. platycarpum, Lomatium triternatum ssp. triternatum, Lomatium triternatum var. alatum, Lomatium triternatum var. anomalum, Lomatium triternatum var. brevifolium, Lomatium triternatum var. macrocarpum, Lomatium triternatum var. triternatum
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