Lilium pardalinum ssp. vollmeri
Lilium pardalinum
Vollmer's lily
leopard lily
whorled (scattered in small plants); more or less linear.
in 1–8 whorls or sometimes scattered, 4–27 cm, generally elliptic; less often linear;
margin generally not wavy.
flowers 1–13.
flowers 1–28(35), pendent.
perianth segments 4.8–8.1 cm, 2-toned;
tips darker;
stamens longer than perianth;
anthers 5–18 mm; magenta or purple;
pollen red-orange or orange;
pistil 3.5–5.3 cm.
more or less widely bell-shaped, generally not fragrant;
perianth segments 3.4–6.1(7.1)cm;
distal 67–75% potion reflexed, generally 2-toned;
inner surface generally pale orange to red on distal 25–60% portion; lighter near base; maroon spots (if near tip) margined yellow or orange;
outer surface paler and green on basal 20% portion;
stamens longer than perianth;
filaments spreading more or less widely;
anthers 5–22 mm; magenta to orange or yellow, becoming darker;
pollen red-brown to yellow, becoming lighter;
pistil 3–7.6 cm.
2.5–5 cm.
2.3–6 cm.
=24.
Lilium pardalinum ssp. vollmeri
Lilium pardalinum
Bogs, streams, and springs. Flowering Jun–Aug. 100– 1500m. Sisk. CA. Native.
Vollmer’s lily is quite variable, and phenotypic expression is highly dependent on environment and soils. Around the geographic edges of this range, identification becomes more difficult, and ssp. vollmeri intergrades with other subspecies of pardalinum along all its boundaries to produce morphologically jumbled intermediates. Even within the core range of the subspecies, plants in deep shade generally have scattered, wider leaves that much resemble ssp. pardalinum. Like most L. pardalinum, Vollmer’s lily is pollinated in Oregon by pale and western tiger swallowtails and also visited by rufous hummingbirds.
California and southwestern Oregon. 5 subspecies; 4 subspecies in Oregon.
The subspecies of Lilium pardalinum display a classic pattern of discrete geographical ranges with intervening zones of introgression, and no two occur sympatrically without intermixing. Plants in the hybrid zones are confusing in appearance and cannot readily be assigned to subspecies; however, each is fairly well marked within its core distribution. L. pardalinum subspecies in Oregon can be fairly common plants in the proper habitats within their rather narrow distributions, but since all are restricted to wetlands of one type or another, distribution is never continuous across the landscape. In introgression zones, plants often show indicators of genetic instability that include flowers lacking stamens or with shrunken and deformed anthers, filaments, or even petals. Leaf size and shape are quite variable in Lilium pardalinum subspecies and often clearly dependent on environment. In species or populations that typically have narrow, ascending leaves, for example L. pardalinum ssp. vollmeri, shaded plants often have wide, horizontal leaves. This hampers taxonomic separation as well as identification, especially of herbarium specimens. In addition to flower size, color, and habitat, anther size and the degree of stamen exsertion and spread are helpful characters for subspecies identification. Lilium pardalinum is primarily pollinated by western tiger swallowtails and pale swallowtails; in Oregon, Anna’s and rufous hummingbirds are also important visitors, especially when butterflies are rare. Native Americans reportedly ate Lilium pardalinum bulbs steamed or baked in an earth oven (Moerman 1986).
Mark Skinner
Mark Skinner
CA
OR
Flora NW
PNW Herbaria
WildflowerSearch
iNaturalist
USDA Plants Database
