OregonFlora: Juncus canadensis vs. Juncus pelocarpus

	Juncus canadensis	Juncus pelocarpus
	Canada rush, Canadian rush	brown-fruited rush
Habit	Plants perennial, 30–100 cm tall, cespitose.	Plants perennial, 3–70 cm tall, rhizomatous.
Leaves	basal and cauline; round; hollow, septate, 1–2 mm wide; auricles 1–1.2 mm.	round; hollow, septate; auricles 0.3– 1 mm.
Inflorescences	panicles of 3–50 clusters; clusters 5–50-flowered, not obscured by inflorescence bract.	loose cymes, 1–2(3) flowers per node.
Flowers	tepals 6, green; reddish, or pale brown; tips acuminate; stamens 3; filaments 0.8–1.5 mm; anthers 0.3–0.5 mm; styles 0.2–0.3 mm.	tepals 6, brown or reddish; stamens 6; filaments 0.2–0.8 mm; anthers 0.2–1.2 mm; style 0.3–0.5 mm.
Capsules	usually 0–1 mm longer than the tepals, dark brown, 1-chambered.	shorter than or longer than the tepals, pale brown to dark brown, 1-chambered.
Seeds	narrowly ellipsoid to linear, 1.25–1.9 × 0.2–0.25 mm; bodies 0.5– 0.8 mm; tails 0.3–0.5 mm, 0.5–1 times as long as seed body.	ellipsoid to ovoid, 0.3–0.5 × 0.2–0.3 mm, apiculate, faintly reticulate.
2n	=80.	=40.

	Juncus canadensis	Juncus pelocarpus
Distribution	[WildflowerSearch map] [BONAP county map]	[WildflowerSearch map] [BONAP county map]
Discussion	Shores, ponds, peatlands, disturbed sandy acidic wet ground, cranberry farms, ditches. 0–100 m. Est. WA; north to British Columbia; eastern North America; Europe, New Zealand. Exotic. This species was introduced by cranberry agriculture and is spreading into natural wetlands. Some authors suggest rare flowers have 6 stamens.	Sandy shores, ditches, cranberry farms. 0–50m. Est. WA; eastern North America; north to British Columbia. Exotic. The diffuse inflorescence is distinct. It is native in eastern North America.
Source	Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 273 Peter Zika	Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 282 Peter Zika
Sibling taxa	J. acuminatus, J. anthelatus, J. articulatus, J. balticus, J. bolanderi, J. brevicaudatus, J. breweri, J. bryoides, J. bufonius, J. bulbosus, J. capillaris, J. capitatus, J. compressus, J. confusus, J. conglomeratus, J. covillei, J. diffusissimus, J. drummondii, J. dudleyi, J. effusus, J. ensifolius, J. ensifolius x Juncus nevadensis, J. exiguus, J. falcatus, J. filiformis, J. gerardi, J. hemiendytus, J. hesperius, J. howellii, J. inflexus, J. interior, J. kelloggii, J. laccatus, J. lescurii, J. longistylis, J. marginatus, J. mertensianus, J. mexicanus, J. nevadensis, J. occidentalis, J. orthophyllus, J. oxymeris, J. parryi, J. patens, J. pelocarpus, J. planifolius, J. ranarius, J. regelii, J. saximontanus, J. supiniformis, J. tenuis, J. tiehmii, J. torreyi, J. triglumis, J. trilocularis, J. uncialis	J. acuminatus, J. anthelatus, J. articulatus, J. balticus, J. bolanderi, J. brevicaudatus, J. breweri, J. bryoides, J. bufonius, J. bulbosus, J. canadensis, J. capillaris, J. capitatus, J. compressus, J. confusus, J. conglomeratus, J. covillei, J. diffusissimus, J. drummondii, J. dudleyi, J. effusus, J. ensifolius, J. ensifolius x Juncus nevadensis, J. exiguus, J. falcatus, J. filiformis, J. gerardi, J. hemiendytus, J. hesperius, J. howellii, J. inflexus, J. interior, J. kelloggii, J. laccatus, J. lescurii, J. longistylis, J. marginatus, J. mertensianus, J. mexicanus, J. nevadensis, J. occidentalis, J. orthophyllus, J. oxymeris, J. parryi, J. patens, J. planifolius, J. ranarius, J. regelii, J. saximontanus, J. supiniformis, J. tenuis, J. tiehmii, J. torreyi, J. triglumis, J. trilocularis, J. uncialis
Web links	Local floras: BC, OR, WA Local Web sites: Flora NW, PNW Herbaria WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search	Local floras: BC, OR, WA Local Web sites: Flora NW, PNW Herbaria WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search

Juncus canadensis

Juncus pelocarpus

Canada rush, Canadian rush

brown-fruited rush

Habit

Plants perennial, 30–100 cm tall, cespitose.

Plants perennial, 3–70 cm tall, rhizomatous.

Leaves

basal and cauline; round; hollow, septate, 1–2 mm wide;

auricles 1–1.2 mm.

round; hollow, septate;

auricles 0.3– 1 mm.

Inflorescences

panicles of 3–50 clusters; clusters 5–50-flowered, not obscured by inflorescence bract.

loose cymes, 1–2(3) flowers per node.

Flowers

tepals 6, green; reddish, or pale brown;

tips acuminate;

stamens 3;

filaments 0.8–1.5 mm;

anthers 0.3–0.5 mm;

styles 0.2–0.3 mm.

tepals 6, brown or reddish;

stamens 6;

filaments 0.2–0.8 mm;

anthers 0.2–1.2 mm;

style 0.3–0.5 mm.

Capsules

usually 0–1 mm longer than the tepals, dark brown, 1-chambered.

shorter than or longer than the tepals, pale brown to dark brown, 1-chambered.

Seeds

narrowly ellipsoid to linear, 1.25–1.9 × 0.2–0.25 mm;

bodies 0.5– 0.8 mm; tails 0.3–0.5 mm, 0.5–1 times as long as seed body.

ellipsoid to ovoid, 0.3–0.5 × 0.2–0.3 mm, apiculate, faintly reticulate.

=80.

=40.

Juncus canadensis

Juncus pelocarpus

Distribution

[WildflowerSearch map]

[BONAP county map]

[WildflowerSearch map]

[BONAP county map]

Discussion

Shores, ponds, peatlands, disturbed sandy acidic wet ground, cranberry farms, ditches. 0–100 m. Est. WA; north to British Columbia; eastern North America; Europe, New Zealand. Exotic.

This species was introduced by cranberry agriculture and is spreading into natural wetlands. Some authors suggest rare flowers have 6 stamens.

Sandy shores, ditches, cranberry farms. 0–50m. Est. WA; eastern North America; north to British Columbia. Exotic.

The diffuse inflorescence is distinct. It is native in eastern North America.

Source

Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 273
Peter Zika

Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 282
Peter Zika

Sibling taxa