OregonFlora: Juncus canadensis vs. Juncus oxymeris

	Juncus canadensis	Juncus oxymeris
	Canada rush, Canadian rush	pointed rush
Habit	Plants perennial, 30–100 cm tall, cespitose.	Plants perennial, 30–90 cm tall, rhizomatous.
Leaves	basal and cauline; round; hollow, septate, 1–2 mm wide; auricles 1–1.2 mm.	flat; iris-like, blue-green, partially septate; auricles absent.
Inflorescences	panicles of 3–50 clusters; clusters 5–50-flowered, not obscured by inflorescence bract.	10–70 clusters; clusters (2)3–7(11)-flowered.
Flowers	tepals 6, green; reddish, or pale brown; tips acuminate; stamens 3; filaments 0.8–1.5 mm; anthers 0.3–0.5 mm; styles 0.2–0.3 mm.	tepals 6, green to pale brown, usually red-tipped; stamens 6; filaments 0.5–0.8 mm; anthers 0.7–1.6 mm; styles 0.4–1 mm.
Capsules	usually 0–1 mm longer than the tepals, dark brown, 1-chambered.	longer than the tepals, brown to dark red, usually gradually tapered to long acuminate tip, 1-chambered.
Seeds	narrowly ellipsoid to linear, 1.25–1.9 × 0.2–0.25 mm; bodies 0.5– 0.8 mm; tails 0.3–0.5 mm, 0.5–1 times as long as seed body.	0.4–0.5 × 0.2–0.25 mm, apiculate, reticulate.
2n	=80.

	Juncus canadensis	Juncus oxymeris
Distribution	[WildflowerSearch map] [BONAP county map]	[WildflowerSearch map] [BONAP county map]
Discussion	Shores, ponds, peatlands, disturbed sandy acidic wet ground, cranberry farms, ditches. 0–100 m. Est. WA; north to British Columbia; eastern North America; Europe, New Zealand. Exotic. This species was introduced by cranberry agriculture and is spreading into natural wetlands. Some authors suggest rare flowers have 6 stamens.	Shores, swales, marshes, wet meadows, fresh water intertidal. 0–700m. Casc, CR, Sisk, WV. CA, WA; north to British Columbia. Native.
Source	Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 273 Peter Zika	Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 282 Peter Zika
Sibling taxa	J. acuminatus, J. anthelatus, J. articulatus, J. balticus, J. bolanderi, J. brevicaudatus, J. breweri, J. bryoides, J. bufonius, J. bulbosus, J. capillaris, J. capitatus, J. compressus, J. confusus, J. conglomeratus, J. covillei, J. diffusissimus, J. drummondii, J. dudleyi, J. effusus, J. ensifolius, J. ensifolius x Juncus nevadensis, J. exiguus, J. falcatus, J. filiformis, J. gerardi, J. hemiendytus, J. hesperius, J. howellii, J. inflexus, J. interior, J. kelloggii, J. laccatus, J. lescurii, J. longistylis, J. marginatus, J. mertensianus, J. mexicanus, J. nevadensis, J. occidentalis, J. orthophyllus, J. oxymeris, J. parryi, J. patens, J. pelocarpus, J. planifolius, J. ranarius, J. regelii, J. saximontanus, J. supiniformis, J. tenuis, J. tiehmii, J. torreyi, J. triglumis, J. trilocularis, J. uncialis	J. acuminatus, J. anthelatus, J. articulatus, J. balticus, J. bolanderi, J. brevicaudatus, J. breweri, J. bryoides, J. bufonius, J. bulbosus, J. canadensis, J. capillaris, J. capitatus, J. compressus, J. confusus, J. conglomeratus, J. covillei, J. diffusissimus, J. drummondii, J. dudleyi, J. effusus, J. ensifolius, J. ensifolius x Juncus nevadensis, J. exiguus, J. falcatus, J. filiformis, J. gerardi, J. hemiendytus, J. hesperius, J. howellii, J. inflexus, J. interior, J. kelloggii, J. laccatus, J. lescurii, J. longistylis, J. marginatus, J. mertensianus, J. mexicanus, J. nevadensis, J. occidentalis, J. orthophyllus, J. parryi, J. patens, J. pelocarpus, J. planifolius, J. ranarius, J. regelii, J. saximontanus, J. supiniformis, J. tenuis, J. tiehmii, J. torreyi, J. triglumis, J. trilocularis, J. uncialis
Web links	Local floras: BC, OR, WA Local Web sites: Flora NW, PNW Herbaria WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search	Local floras: BC, CA, OR, WA Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos, Flora NW, PNW Herbaria WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search

Juncus canadensis

Juncus oxymeris

Canada rush, Canadian rush

pointed rush

Habit

Plants perennial, 30–100 cm tall, cespitose.

Plants perennial, 30–90 cm tall, rhizomatous.

Leaves

basal and cauline; round; hollow, septate, 1–2 mm wide;

auricles 1–1.2 mm.

flat; iris-like, blue-green, partially septate;

auricles absent.

Inflorescences

panicles of 3–50 clusters; clusters 5–50-flowered, not obscured by inflorescence bract.

10–70 clusters; clusters (2)3–7(11)-flowered.

Flowers

tepals 6, green; reddish, or pale brown;

tips acuminate;

stamens 3;

filaments 0.8–1.5 mm;

anthers 0.3–0.5 mm;

styles 0.2–0.3 mm.

tepals 6, green to pale brown, usually red-tipped;

stamens 6;

filaments 0.5–0.8 mm;

anthers 0.7–1.6 mm;

styles 0.4–1 mm.

Capsules

usually 0–1 mm longer than the tepals, dark brown, 1-chambered.

longer than the tepals, brown to dark red, usually gradually tapered to long acuminate tip, 1-chambered.

Seeds

narrowly ellipsoid to linear, 1.25–1.9 × 0.2–0.25 mm;

bodies 0.5– 0.8 mm; tails 0.3–0.5 mm, 0.5–1 times as long as seed body.

0.4–0.5 × 0.2–0.25 mm, apiculate, reticulate.

=80.

Juncus canadensis

Juncus oxymeris

Distribution

[WildflowerSearch map]

[BONAP county map]

[WildflowerSearch map]

[BONAP county map]

Discussion

Shores, ponds, peatlands, disturbed sandy acidic wet ground, cranberry farms, ditches. 0–100 m. Est. WA; north to British Columbia; eastern North America; Europe, New Zealand. Exotic.

This species was introduced by cranberry agriculture and is spreading into natural wetlands. Some authors suggest rare flowers have 6 stamens.

Shores, swales, marshes, wet meadows, fresh water intertidal. 0–700m. Casc, CR, Sisk, WV. CA, WA; north to British Columbia. Native.

Source

Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 273
Peter Zika

Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 282
Peter Zika

Sibling taxa