OregonFlora: Juncus canadensis vs. Juncus brevicaudatus

	Juncus canadensis	Juncus brevicaudatus
	Canada rush, Canadian rush	short-tailed rush
Habit	Plants perennial, 30–100 cm tall, cespitose.	Plants perennial, 14–55 cm tall, cespitose.
Leaves	basal and cauline; round; hollow, septate, 1–2 mm wide; auricles 1–1.2 mm.	basal and cauline; round; hollow, septate, 1–2 mm wide; auricles 0.5–3 mm.
Inflorescences	panicles of 3–50 clusters; clusters 5–50-flowered, not obscured by inflorescence bract.	2–35 clusters; clusters mostly 2–5-flowered, elliptic to narrowly obconic, lacking bulblets.
Flowers	tepals 6, green; reddish, or pale brown; tips acuminate; stamens 3; filaments 0.8–1.5 mm; anthers 0.3–0.5 mm; styles 0.2–0.3 mm.	tepals 6, green, red; pale or medium brown; tips acuminate; stamens 3; filaments 0.6–0.8 mm; anthers 0.3–0.5 mm; styles 0.1–0.3 mm.
Capsules	usually 0–1 mm longer than the tepals, dark brown, 1-chambered.	1–1.5 mm longer than the tepals, dark brown, 1-chambered.
Seeds	narrowly ellipsoid to linear, 1.25–1.9 × 0.2–0.25 mm; bodies 0.5– 0.8 mm; tails 0.3–0.5 mm, 0.5–1 times as long as seed body.	narrowly ellipsoid to linear, 0.8–1.1 × 0.2–0.3 mm; body 0.5–0.6 mm; tails 0.2– 0.4 mm, 0.5–1 times as long as seed body.
2n	=80.	=80.

	Juncus canadensis	Juncus brevicaudatus
Distribution	[WildflowerSearch map] [BONAP county map]	[WildflowerSearch map] [BONAP county map]
Discussion	Shores, ponds, peatlands, disturbed sandy acidic wet ground, cranberry farms, ditches. 0–100 m. Est. WA; north to British Columbia; eastern North America; Europe, New Zealand. Exotic. This species was introduced by cranberry agriculture and is spreading into natural wetlands. Some authors suggest rare flowers have 6 stamens.	Wet acidic sandy banks, shores, mossy ditches, cranberry farms. 0–50 m. Est. ID, WA; northeastern US, Great Lakes area, southern Canada; AZ, CO, WY. Exotic. This species is native to northeastern Washington, northern Idaho, Montana, and eastern North America, but it is introduced in Oregon.
Source	Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 273 Peter Zika	Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 271 Peter Zika
Sibling taxa	J. acuminatus, J. anthelatus, J. articulatus, J. balticus, J. bolanderi, J. brevicaudatus, J. breweri, J. bryoides, J. bufonius, J. bulbosus, J. capillaris, J. capitatus, J. compressus, J. confusus, J. conglomeratus, J. covillei, J. diffusissimus, J. drummondii, J. dudleyi, J. effusus, J. ensifolius, J. ensifolius x Juncus nevadensis, J. exiguus, J. falcatus, J. filiformis, J. gerardi, J. hemiendytus, J. hesperius, J. howellii, J. inflexus, J. interior, J. kelloggii, J. laccatus, J. lescurii, J. longistylis, J. marginatus, J. mertensianus, J. mexicanus, J. nevadensis, J. occidentalis, J. orthophyllus, J. oxymeris, J. parryi, J. patens, J. pelocarpus, J. planifolius, J. ranarius, J. regelii, J. saximontanus, J. supiniformis, J. tenuis, J. tiehmii, J. torreyi, J. triglumis, J. trilocularis, J. uncialis	J. acuminatus, J. anthelatus, J. articulatus, J. balticus, J. bolanderi, J. breweri, J. bryoides, J. bufonius, J. bulbosus, J. canadensis, J. capillaris, J. capitatus, J. compressus, J. confusus, J. conglomeratus, J. covillei, J. diffusissimus, J. drummondii, J. dudleyi, J. effusus, J. ensifolius, J. ensifolius x Juncus nevadensis, J. exiguus, J. falcatus, J. filiformis, J. gerardi, J. hemiendytus, J. hesperius, J. howellii, J. inflexus, J. interior, J. kelloggii, J. laccatus, J. lescurii, J. longistylis, J. marginatus, J. mertensianus, J. mexicanus, J. nevadensis, J. occidentalis, J. orthophyllus, J. oxymeris, J. parryi, J. patens, J. pelocarpus, J. planifolius, J. ranarius, J. regelii, J. saximontanus, J. supiniformis, J. tenuis, J. tiehmii, J. torreyi, J. triglumis, J. trilocularis, J. uncialis
Web links	Local floras: BC, OR, WA Local Web sites: Flora NW, PNW Herbaria WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search	Local floras: BC, OR, WA Local Web sites: Flora NW, PNW Herbaria WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search

Juncus canadensis

Juncus brevicaudatus

Canada rush, Canadian rush

short-tailed rush

Habit

Plants perennial, 30–100 cm tall, cespitose.

Plants perennial, 14–55 cm tall, cespitose.

Leaves

basal and cauline; round; hollow, septate, 1–2 mm wide;

auricles 1–1.2 mm.

basal and cauline; round; hollow, septate, 1–2 mm wide;

auricles 0.5–3 mm.

Inflorescences

panicles of 3–50 clusters; clusters 5–50-flowered, not obscured by inflorescence bract.

2–35 clusters; clusters mostly 2–5-flowered, elliptic to narrowly obconic, lacking bulblets.

Flowers

tepals 6, green; reddish, or pale brown;

tips acuminate;

stamens 3;

filaments 0.8–1.5 mm;

anthers 0.3–0.5 mm;

styles 0.2–0.3 mm.

tepals 6, green, red; pale or medium brown;

tips acuminate;

stamens 3;

filaments 0.6–0.8 mm;

anthers 0.3–0.5 mm;

styles 0.1–0.3 mm.

Capsules

usually 0–1 mm longer than the tepals, dark brown, 1-chambered.

1–1.5 mm longer than the tepals, dark brown, 1-chambered.

Seeds

narrowly ellipsoid to linear, 1.25–1.9 × 0.2–0.25 mm;

bodies 0.5– 0.8 mm; tails 0.3–0.5 mm, 0.5–1 times as long as seed body.

narrowly ellipsoid to linear, 0.8–1.1 × 0.2–0.3 mm;

body 0.5–0.6 mm; tails 0.2– 0.4 mm, 0.5–1 times as long as seed body.

=80.

Juncus canadensis

Juncus brevicaudatus

Distribution

[WildflowerSearch map]

[BONAP county map]

[WildflowerSearch map]

[BONAP county map]

Discussion

Shores, ponds, peatlands, disturbed sandy acidic wet ground, cranberry farms, ditches. 0–100 m. Est. WA; north to British Columbia; eastern North America; Europe, New Zealand. Exotic.

This species was introduced by cranberry agriculture and is spreading into natural wetlands. Some authors suggest rare flowers have 6 stamens.

Wet acidic sandy banks, shores, mossy ditches, cranberry farms. 0–50 m. Est. ID, WA; northeastern US, Great Lakes area, southern Canada; AZ, CO, WY. Exotic.

This species is native to northeastern Washington, northern Idaho, Montana, and eastern North America, but it is introduced in Oregon.

Source

Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 273
Peter Zika

Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 271
Peter Zika

Sibling taxa

J. acuminatus, J. anthelatus, J. articulatus, J. balticus, J. bolanderi, J. brevicaudatus, J. breweri, J. bryoides, J. bufonius, J. bulbosus, J. capillaris, J. capitatus, J. compressus, J. confusus, J. conglomeratus, J. covillei, J. diffusissimus, J. drummondii, J. dudleyi, J. effusus, J. ensifolius, J. ensifolius x Juncus nevadensis, J. exiguus, J. falcatus, J. filiformis, J. gerardi, J. hemiendytus, J. hesperius, J. howellii, J. inflexus, J. interior, J. kelloggii, J. laccatus, J. lescurii, J. longistylis, J. marginatus, J. mertensianus, J. mexicanus, J. nevadensis, J. occidentalis, J. orthophyllus, J. oxymeris, J. parryi, J. patens, J. pelocarpus, J. planifolius, J. ranarius, J. regelii, J. saximontanus, J. supiniformis, J. tenuis, J. tiehmii, J. torreyi, J. triglumis, J. trilocularis, J. uncialis

J. acuminatus, J. anthelatus, J. articulatus, J. balticus, J. bolanderi, J. breweri, J. bryoides, J. bufonius, J. bulbosus, J. canadensis, J. capillaris, J. capitatus, J. compressus, J. confusus, J. conglomeratus, J. covillei, J. diffusissimus, J. drummondii, J. dudleyi, J. effusus, J. ensifolius, J. ensifolius x Juncus nevadensis, J. exiguus, J. falcatus, J. filiformis, J. gerardi, J. hemiendytus, J. hesperius, J. howellii, J. inflexus, J. interior, J. kelloggii, J. laccatus, J. lescurii, J. longistylis, J. marginatus, J. mertensianus, J. mexicanus, J. nevadensis, J. occidentalis, J. orthophyllus, J. oxymeris, J. parryi, J. patens, J. pelocarpus, J. planifolius, J. ranarius, J. regelii, J. saximontanus, J. supiniformis, J. tenuis, J. tiehmii, J. torreyi, J. triglumis, J. trilocularis, J. uncialis

Web links

Unless otherwise noted, all data comes from OregonFlora.

Choose a data source: Flora of North America, OregonFlora, UW Burke Herbarium

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OregonFlora species comparison

Juncus canadensis

Juncus brevicaudatus

Juncus canadensis

Juncus brevicaudatus