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California fescue

alpine fescue

Habit Plants 2.5–12 cm tall; densely cespitose, yellowish green or glaucous.
Culms

basal branching intravaginal.

Leaves

sheaths closed more than half their length, glabrous, not conspicuously splitting between the veins;

collars glabrous;

ligules 0.1–0.5 mm;

blades 1.7–6 cm × 0.3–0.5(1)mm, conduplicate, glabrous or with minute hairs on inner surface; flag leaves 0.8–2.5 cm.

Inflorescences

(0.8)1.5–2.5 cm;

branches 0.4–0.8 cm, appressed after anthesis.

Spikelets

3.5–5.4 mm, 2–4 florets.

Glumes

glabrous or minutely scabrous at the tips;

lower glumes 1.8–3 mm, 1-veined;

upper glumes 2.3–3.5(4.3) mm, 3-veined.

Caryopses

1.8–2.5 mm, glabrous.

Ovaries

apex glabrous.

Leaf anatomy

cross section (0.25)0.3–0.5(0.8)mm by 0.35–0.95 mm; more or less round;

veins 3–5;

ribs 1(5); dorsal sclerenchyma bands less than 2 times as wide as thick (except sometimes at the midrib).

Lemmas

2.5–5.5 mm, 0(1)-veined, minutely scabrous at the tip;

lemma awns 0.7–2 mm.

Anthers

0.4–0.8(0.9) mm when dry, 0.9– 1.2 mm when fresh or rehydrated, usually retained long past anthesis.

2n

=28.

Festuca californica

Festuca brachyphylla

Distribution
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[BONAP county map]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Alpine snowmelt basins. 1800–3000 m. BR, BW. CA, ID, NV, WA; north to AK, northeast to Greenland, east to MN, southeast to CO and AZ; circumpolar. Native.

This tiny alpine fescue is most likely to be confused with F. saximontana, which has longer anthers and leaf sclerenchyma bands that are more than twice as broad as thick. Oregon plants are morphologically intermediate between the named subspecies, fitting none well.

Source Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 409
Barbara Wilson, Richard Brainerd, Nick Otting
Sibling taxa
F. brachyphylla, F. campestris, F. elmeri, F. filiformis, F. idahoensis, F. lemanii, F. occidentalis, F. roemeri, F. rubra, F. saximontana, F. subulata, F. subuliflora, F. trachyphylla, F. valesiaca, F. viridula
F. brachyphylla, F. californica, F. campestris, F. elmeri, F. filiformis, F. idahoensis, F. lemanii, F. occidentalis, F. roemeri, F. rubra, F. saximontana, F. subulata, F. subuliflora, F. trachyphylla, F. valesiaca, F. viridula
Subordinate taxa
F. californica var. californica
Synonyms Festuca brachyphylla ssp. breviculmis, Festuca brachyphylla ssp. coloradensis, Festuca ovina, Festuca ovina var. brachyphylla, Festuca ovina var. brevifolia
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