Eleocharis quadrangulata |
Eleocharis quinqueflora |
|
---|---|---|
four-angled spikerush, square-stemmed spikerush |
few-flowered spikerush |
|
Habit | Plants perennial; rhizomes 1.5–4 mm thick, longer internodes 3–8 cm, tubers absent. | Plants perennial, rhizomatous; rhizomes 0.2–1 mm thick; resting buds often present on rhizomes or among culm bases, broadly to narrowly ovoid, 3–6(10) × 2–5 mm; caudices absent, rarely present, soft or rarely hard, 0.5 mm thick. |
Culms | acutely quadrangular; (30)45–105 cm × (1)2–5.4 mm. |
subterete to slightly compressed; to 2 times wider than thick, 5–15 cm × 0.2–0.5(1.2) mm; culm tufts often proximally bulbous (if bulbous then tunicated by papery-fibrous scales). |
Spikes | (15)20–76 × 3–5(6) mm; proximal scale empty; amplexicaul; (1)2.2–5.4 mm; floral scales (28)45–135, 2–3 per mm of rachilla; (4)4.5–6.2 × 2.8–5 mm; apex rounded to obtuse. |
with proximal internodes shorter and thicker than those in the middle of the spike, 3–8 × 1.5– 4 mm; proximal scale subtending a flower; seldom empty, 2–5 mm, 50% or more as long as spike; floral scales 3–10 per spike, 2.5–6 × 1.5–2.5 mm. |
Flowers | perianth bristles 6–7, often markedly unequal; shorter than achene or some equaling tubercle; anthers 2.3–2.9 mm; stigmas 3, sometimes 2. |
perianth bristles (0)3–6, often unequal; rudimentary to equaling tubercle; anthers 1.5–2.7(3.5) mm; stigmas 3. |
Achenes | biconvex, 1.8–3 × 1.3–2 mm; almost smooth to markedly sculptured at 10–15×; each face with 19–38 rows of almost linear, transversely elongated cells; which are sometimes isodiametric at achene base. |
equilaterally trigonous to compressed-trigonous, rarely some biconvex, 1.6–2.3 × 0.7–1.3 mm. |
Distal leaf sheaths | persistent; apex narrowly acute to acuminate, sometimes prolonged into a blade-like portion to 8 cm. |
apex often reddish, subtruncate to acute. |
Tubercles | deltoid to high-pyramidal or lanceoloid, 0.7–1.5 × 0.4–1 mm, often spongy. |
rarely absent, 0.3–0.4 × 0.2–0.3 mm. |
Eleocharis quadrangulata |
Eleocharis quinqueflora |
|
Distribution | ||
Discussion | Shallow water of freshwater marshes, ditches, wet meadows, and lake shores. 100–200 m. WV. CA; south to Mexico; eastern North America. Exotic. Eleocharis quadrangulata is a robust spikerush with long, pale spikes and rectangular culms. |
Fens, wet meadows, seeps, springs, hot springs. 500–2900 m. BR, BW, Casc, ECas, Owy, Sisk. CA, ID, NV, WA; north to AK, east to Greenland and DE, southeast to NE and NM; Eurasia. Native. See also E. suksdorfiana. |
Source | Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 242 Barbara Wilson, Richard Brainerd, Nick Otting |
Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 243 Barbara Wilson, Richard Brainerd, Nick Otting |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Eleocharis pauciflora, Eleocharis pauciflora var. pauciflora, Eleocharis pauciflora var. suksdorfiana, Scirpus pauciflorus | |
Web links |
|