Eleocharis parvula |
Eleocharis bolanderi |
|
---|---|---|
small spikerush |
Bolander's spikerush |
|
Habit | Plants perennial, rhizomatous, internodes to 4 cm; tubers terminating rhizomes usually markedly J- or horseshoe-shaped, body (apart from apical bud) oblong, 2–2.5(5) × 0.5–1 mm; tubers among culm bases straight, narrowly fusiform, 4–5 mm. | Plants perennial, densely cespitose; rhizomes caudex-like, mostly hidden by culms and roots, short, 1.5–3 mm thick, internodes very short. |
Culms | terete, 2–9 cm × 0.2–0.5 mm. |
subterete, 10–30 cm × 0.3–0.5 mm. |
Spikes | 2–4 × 1–2 mm; proximal scale 50% or more of spike length; floral scales 6–10 per spike, 1.4–2.7 mm; apex rounded to subacute. |
ovoid, 3–8 × 2–3 mm; proximal scale clasping; entire, subproximal scale with flower; floral scales 8–30, 4–5 per mm of rachilla, 2–3 × 1.5 mm; apex entire; acute, often keeled in distal part of spike. |
Flowers | perianth bristles 6, usually equaling achene to slightly exceeding tubercle, sometimes unequal and some 50% of achene; very rarely rudimentary; anthers 0.7–1.2 mm; stigmas (2)3. |
perianth bristles 3–6, often unequal; from rudimentary to 50% of achene length; anthers 0.9–1.4 mm; stigmas 3. |
Achenes | thickly trigonous, 0.9–1.2 × 0.55–0.75 mm. |
slightly to greatly compressed-trigonous, rarely thickly lenticular, 0.9–1.2 × 0.65–0.8 mm. |
Distal leaf sheaths | often disintegrating, thinly membranous; apex rounded. |
persistent, not splitting; apex obtuse, rarely hardened, lacking a tooth. |
Tubercles | 0.1–0.2 × 0.15 mm. |
flat to shallowly pyramidal; lower than wide, 0.1–0.3 × 0.4–0.65 mm. |
Eleocharis parvula |
Eleocharis bolanderi |
|
Distribution | ||
Discussion | Brackish or saline tidal marshes and other coastal wetlands. 0–50 m. Est. CA, WA; throughout much of North America; Eurasia. Native. When growing submerged in deeper water, the plants may not produce spikes and can be confused with E. acicularis and Schoenoplectus subterminalis. |
Shallow, rocky, ephemeral streams. 1100–2100 m. BR, BW, Owy. CA, NV, ID; east to CO. Native. Eleocharis bolanderi is easily recognized in summer when it forms masses of dry, brown, dormant and apparently dead culms in dry stream beds. It is easily pulled up to expose its cespitose habit. The virtually flat tubercles are particularly distinctive. |
Source | Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 242 Barbara Wilson, Richard Brainerd, Nick Otting |
Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 240 Barbara Wilson, Richard Brainerd, Nick Otting |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Eleocharis parvula var. parvula, Scirpus nanus | |
Web links |
|
|