Eleocharis engelmannii |
Eleocharis parvula |
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Engelmann's spikerush |
small spikerush |
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Habit | Plants annual, tufted. | Plants perennial, rhizomatous, internodes to 4 cm; tubers terminating rhizomes usually markedly J- or horseshoe-shaped, body (apart from apical bud) oblong, 2–2.5(5) × 0.5–1 mm; tubers among culm bases straight, narrowly fusiform, 4–5 mm. |
Culms | terete, 2–40 cm × 0.5–1.5(2) mm. |
terete, 2–9 cm × 0.2–0.5 mm. |
Spikes | lanceoloid to subcylindric, 5–10(20) × 2–3(4) mm; proximal scale empty, encircling approximately 67% of culm; floral scales 25–100(200), 8–12 per mm of rachilla, 2(2.5) × 1–1.3 mm; apex narrowly rounded to subacute. |
2–4 × 1–2 mm; proximal scale 50% or more of spike length; floral scales 6–10 per spike, 1.4–2.7 mm; apex rounded to subacute. |
Flowers | perianth bristles present or often absent; (0)5–8; about as long as the achenes; anthers 0.3–0.7(1) mm; stigmas 2–3. |
perianth bristles 6, usually equaling achene to slightly exceeding tubercle, sometimes unequal and some 50% of achene; very rarely rudimentary; anthers 0.7–1.2 mm; stigmas (2)3. |
Achenes | biconvex or to 33% greatly compressed trigonous, 0.9–1.1(1.5) × 0.7– 1.1 mm. |
thickly trigonous, 0.9–1.2 × 0.55–0.75 mm. |
Distal leaf sheaths | persistent, apex of distal leaf sheath obtuse to acute, with tooth to 0.3 mm. |
often disintegrating, thinly membranous; apex rounded. |
Tubercles | depressed, subdeltoid, 0.1–0.3(0.4) × 0.6–0.9(1) mm, 10–40% as high as wide, 25% or less as high as achene, 90% as wide as achene. |
0.1–0.2 × 0.15 mm. |
Eleocharis engelmannii |
Eleocharis parvula |
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Distribution | ||
Discussion | Freshwater shores exposed by seasonal low water levels, marshes, disturbed wetlands. 50–500 m. WV. CA, ID, WA; north to British Columbia, east to MA, southeast to AL. Native. Eleocharis engelmannii is similar to E. ovata and the much more common E. obtusa but has markedly shorter tubercles and usually more cylindric spikes. |
Brackish or saline tidal marshes and other coastal wetlands. 0–50 m. Est. CA, WA; throughout much of North America; Eurasia. Native. When growing submerged in deeper water, the plants may not produce spikes and can be confused with E. acicularis and Schoenoplectus subterminalis. |
Source | Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 241 Barbara Wilson, Richard Brainerd, Nick Otting |
Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 242 Barbara Wilson, Richard Brainerd, Nick Otting |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Eleocharis engelmannii var. engelmannii, Eleocharis engelmannii var. monticola, Eleocharis obtusa var. engelmannii | Eleocharis parvula var. parvula, Scirpus nanus |
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