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Engelmann's spikerush

common spikerush, creeping spikerush, marsh spikerush

Habit Plants annual, tufted. Plants perennial, mat-forming; rhizomes evident, long, 1.5–4.5 mm thick, cortex persistent, longer internodes 10–35 mm.
Culms

terete, 2–40 cm × 0.5–1.5(2) mm.

terete or slightly compressed, 30–115 cm × 0.5–5 mm.

Spikes

lanceoloid to subcylindric, 5–10(20) × 2–3(4) mm;

proximal scale empty, encircling approximately 67% of culm; floral scales 25–100(200), 8–12 per mm of rachilla, 2(2.5) × 1–1.3 mm;

apex narrowly rounded to subacute.

ovoid to lanceoloid, 5–25 × 3–7 mm;

proximal scale clasping 67(75)% of culm, subproximal scales 1–2; empty; floral scales 30–100, 4–8 per mm of rachilla, 3–5 × 1.5–2.5 mm;

apex entire; acute or subacute, often keeled in distal part of spike.

Flowers

perianth bristles present or often absent; (0)5–8; about as long as the achenes;

anthers 0.3–0.7(1) mm;

stigmas 2–3.

perianth bristles 4(5), sometimes absent; much shorter than achene to equaling tubercle, rarely to 2 times as long as achene;

anthers 1.5–2.2 mm;

stigmas 2; very rarely some 3.

Achenes

biconvex or to 33% greatly compressed trigonous, 0.9–1.1(1.5) × 0.7– 1.1 mm.

biconvex, 1.1–2 × 1–1.5 mm.

Distal leaf sheaths

persistent, apex of distal leaf sheath obtuse to acute, with tooth to 0.3 mm.

persistent or sometimes disintegrating, often splitting adaxially;

apex lacking tooth.

Tubercles

depressed, subdeltoid, 0.1–0.3(0.4) × 0.6–0.9(1) mm, 10–40% as high as wide, 25% or less as high as achene, 90% as wide as achene.

pyramidal to mammillate; as high as wide to 2 times higher, 0.3–0.7 × 0.35–0.7 mm.

2n

=16, 27, 36.

Eleocharis engelmannii

Eleocharis palustris

Distribution
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Freshwater shores exposed by seasonal low water levels, marshes, disturbed wetlands. 50–500 m. WV. CA, ID, WA; north to British Columbia, east to MA, southeast to AL. Native.

Eleocharis engelmannii is similar to E. ovata and the much more common E. obtusa but has markedly shorter tubercles and usually more cylindric spikes.

Freshwater marshes, lake shores, streamsides, and ponds. 0–2300 m. All ecoregions except Col. CA, ID, NV, WA; north to AK, east to Newfoundland, south to Mexico; Eurasia, New Zealand. Native.

Eleocharis palustris is the most common species in a taxonomically difficult, circumboreal complex of the genus. Its pure, rhizomatous stands can dominate plant communities in shallow wetlands. It can usually be recognized by its subequal proximal and subproximal scales, both lacking flowers. Culm widths overlap those of E. macrostachya, but the very widest spikerush culms in Oregon belong to E. palustris.

Source Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 241
Barbara Wilson, Richard Brainerd, Nick Otting
Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 242
Barbara Wilson, Richard Brainerd, Nick Otting
Sibling taxa
E. acicularis, E. bella, E. bolanderi, E. decumbens, E. erythropoda, E. macrostachya, E. obtusa, E. ovata, E. palustris, E. parishii, E. parvula, E. quadrangulata, E. quinqueflora, E. rostellata, E. suksdorfiana
E. acicularis, E. bella, E. bolanderi, E. decumbens, E. engelmannii, E. erythropoda, E. macrostachya, E. obtusa, E. ovata, E. parishii, E. parvula, E. quadrangulata, E. quinqueflora, E. rostellata, E. suksdorfiana
Synonyms Eleocharis engelmannii var. engelmannii, Eleocharis engelmannii var. monticola, Eleocharis obtusa var. engelmannii Eleocharis mamillata, Eleocharis palustris var. major, Eleocharis palustris var. palustris, Eleocharis uniglumis
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