Echinochloa crus-pavonis |
Echinochloa crus-galli |
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gulf cockspur grass |
barnyard grass |
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Habit | Plants annual, 30–200 cm tall. | |
Culms | spreading to erect. |
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Leaves | blades to 65 cm × 5–30 mm, glabrous but occasionally sparsely hirsute. |
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Inflorescences | panicles, 5–25 cm; the primary branches 1.5–10 cm and bearing short inconspicuous side branches, papillose-based hairs sparse to common; to 5 mm and sometimes longer than the spikelets. |
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Spikelets | 2.5–4 × 1.1–2.3 mm. |
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Glumes | lower glumes about 50% as long as the spikelets; upper glumes about as long as the spikelets; the longer hairs of the lateral veins 0.5–0.7 mm. |
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Caryopses | 1.3–2.2 × 1–1.8 mm; ovoid or oblong; brownish. |
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Lemmas | lower lemmas awnless to awned, sometimes within the same inflorescence; lemma awns 0–50 mm; upper lemmas about as long as the spikelet, broadly ovate to elliptical; the tough portion rounded distally with an abrupt transition to the early-withering acuminate membranous tip; tip marked off from the leathery portion by a line of tiny hairs visible at 25×. |
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Paleas | lower paleas about as long as the lemmas. |
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Anthers | 0.5– 1 mm. |
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Echinochloa crus-pavonis |
Echinochloa crus-galli |
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Distribution | ||
Discussion | [This taxon does not have a floristic treatment in Flora of Oregon.] |
Disturbed, often moist areas. 0–1600m. BW, Casc, Col, CR, Est, Owy, Sisk, WV. CA, ID, NV, WA; throughout most of North America; warm temperate regions worldwide. Exotic. Echinochloa crus-galli is similar to the less common E. muricata, which is distinguished by lemmas that have tough, non-withering tips, without a line of minute hairs. Echinochloa crus-galli is variable in size, color, inflorescence branching, and awn development. Herbicide-resistant forms are known to have evolved. |
Source | Flora of Oregon, volume 1 | Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 394 Barbara Wilson, Richard Brainerd, Nick Otting |
Sibling taxa | ||
Subordinate taxa | ||
Synonyms | Echinochloa crus-galli var. crus-galli, Echinochloa crus-galli var. mitis | |
Web links |
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