Digitaria ischaemum |
Digitaria sanguinalis |
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smooth crabgrass |
hairy crabgrass |
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Habit | Plants annual or perennial, 20–55(70) cm tall, tufted, mat-forming, or rhizomatous. | Plants annual, 20–70(112)cm tall, tufted or sometimes mat-forming. |
Leaves | sheaths glabrous or sparsely pubescent, often pubescent near the top; blades 1.5–9 cm × 3–5 mm; flat, glabrous, sometimes with a few papillose-based hairs on margins near base. |
sheaths with sparse papillose-based hairs; blades 2–11(14) cm × 3–8(12) mm; flat, usually with papillose-based hairs on both surfaces, sometimes glabrous. |
Inflorescences | often purple with 2–7 spike-like branches, 6–15.5 cm × 0.7–2.5 mm, ascending to spreading. |
often purple, with 4–13 spike-like primary branches 3–30 cm × 0.7–1.5 mm, ascending to spreading. |
Spikelets | 1.7–2.3 mm. |
1.7–3.4 mm. |
Glumes | lower glumes absent or reduced to a membranous rim; upper glumes 1.3–2.3 mm, 3-veined, 75% to as long as the upper lemmas with appressed hairs that may form whitish lines between the veins or cover the entire surface. |
lower glumes 0.2–0.4 mm; upper glumes 0.9–2 mm, 33–50% as long as the spikelets, 3-veined, pubescent on the margins. |
Lemmas | lower lemmas 1.7–2.3 mm, pubescent, 7-veined, 3 middle veins usually widely spaced; outer veins tightly spaced and near the margins; upper lemmas stiff, pubescent, dark brown at maturity; tips acute; awnless. |
lower lemmas less than to 0.2 mm longer than the upper floret, glabrous, 7-veined; lateral or all veins scabrous throughout or smooth on the lower 33–50% and scabrous distally, 3 middle veins usually widely spaced; outer veins tightly spaced and near the margins; upper lemmas 1.7–3 mm, yellow or gray, often purple-tinged when young and becoming brown at maturity. |
Anthers | 0.4–0.6 mm. |
0.5–0.9 mm. |
2n | =36. |
=36, 28, 34, 54. |
Digitaria ischaemum |
Digitaria sanguinalis |
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Distribution | ||
Discussion | Disturbed areas, lawns, roadsides. 50–900 m. BW, Lava, Owy, Sisk, WV. CA, ID, NV, WA; throughout most of North America; warm-temperate regions worldwide. Exotic. Digitaria ischaemum is recognized by its mostly glabrous foliage that is pubescent on the upper margins of the leaf sheaths and lower margins of the leaf blades. The matted hairs on the upper glumes and lower lemmas may form pale lines between the veins, but they may be longer, extensive, and gland-tipped, forming what can look like a coating of mold. Digitaria sanguinalis is similar and more common. Its foliage is sparsely covered with papillate-based hairs, and its glumes and sterile lemmas never appear moldy. |
Disturbed areas, lawns, roadsides. 0–1400m. Col, CR, ECas, Est, Sisk, WV. CA, ID, NV, WA; throughout most of North America; worldwide. Exotic. Digitaria sanguinalis is a common, late-season weed characterized by its spike-like branches that spread like the spokes of an umbrella. The very similar D. ischaemum lacks hairs on most of its foliage. Cynodon has a similar though more delicate inflorescence, but it is a strongly stoloniferous perennial. |
Source | Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 391 Barbara Wilson, Richard Brainerd, Nick Otting |
Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 391 Barbara Wilson, Richard Brainerd, Nick Otting |
Sibling taxa | ||
Web links |
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