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Asian flatsedge

awned flatsedge

Habit Plants annual, cespitose. Plants annual, cespitose, with fibrous roots.
Culms

1–15, trigonous, 7–30 cm × 1.2–2.5 mm; soft (flattened in pressing).

1–20, trigonous, 2–16 cm × 0.5–0.8 mm.

Leaves

(2)7–22 cm × 2.2–4 mm.

(1)5–10(15) × 0.5–2.5 mm.

Inflorescences

clusters head-like; dense, 7–17(35) mm wide;

rays (0)1–5, 2–32 mm; longest inflorescence bract erect or nearly so, appearing as continuation of culm; other bracts horizontal to ascending.

clusters usually densely head-like to cylindric, 1, loosely to densely ovoid to oblong, 6–20(40) × 9–15(20) mm;

rays absent or 1–3(6), 0.4–4 cm; longest inflorescence bracts more or less erect.

Spikes

30–120, oblong-ellipsoid, compressed; (2)3–5(6) × 0.8–1.2 mm; greenish brown to purplish brown; floral scales (6)12–20(30), obovate to orbiculate, 0.6–0.8 × 0.6–0.8 mm, stramineous to deep purple with clear margins; mid-stripe greenish, stramineous, or purplish;

lateral ribs 0; medial ribs 3;

apex mucronulate.

(2)6–20(40); ovoid-lanceoloid to oblong; somewhat compressed, 2.5–10(20) × 1.3–2.2 mm (excluding awns); greenish to reddish brown;

rachilla more or less deciduous; wingless; floral scales deciduous; (4)10–20(34), oblong-lanceolate; (1.2)1.3–1.8(2.2) × (0.5)0.7–0.8(1) mm; greenish to stramineous or brownish red with greenish mid-stripe; (5)7–9(11)-ribbed nearly to margins;

apex awned; the strongly outcurved awn an additional 0.5–1(1.3) mm.

Flowers

anthers 0.1 mm;

styles 0.1 mm;

stigmas 0.1–0.3 mm.

anthers 0.2–0.3 mm;

styles 0.3–0.5 mm;

stigmas 0.4–0.7 mm.

Achenes

obovoid-ellipsoid, 0.6–0.8 × 0.3–0.4 mm (as long as subtending scale);

base cuneate.

obovoid (occasionally linear-spatulate or linear-oblong), 0.7–0.8(1.1) × (0.2)0.3–0.4(0.5) mm;

stipe 0.05–0.1 × 0.1 mm.

Cyperus difformis

Cyperus squarrosus

Distribution
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Disturbed, sandy or muddy soils, sand bars, roadsides, sometimes on serpentine. 100–400 m. Sisk. CA, ID; east to NJ, south to Mexico; South America; Africa, Australia, Eurasia, islands of the Pacific and Indian Oceans; Exotic.

Cyperus difformis is recognized by its tight heads of small spikes with unusually small scales. The first Oregon collection was made in 2004.

Lake shores and river margins exposed as water falls, puddles, disturbed shallow wetlands. 0–1300 m. BR, BW, Col, CR, ECas, Lava, Owy, Sisk, WV. CA, ID, NV, WA; throughout US and adjacent Canada, south to South America; nearly cosmopolitan. Native.

Cyperus squarrosus is easily recognized by its small size, strongly outcurved scale awns, and many-veined scales. It is sometimes confused with C. acuminatus, which has 3-veined floral scales.

Source Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 235
Barbara Wilson, Richard Brainerd, Nick Otting
Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 237
Barbara Wilson, Richard Brainerd, Nick Otting
Sibling taxa
C. acuminatus, C. aggregatus, C. bipartitus, C. eragrostis, C. erythrorhizos, C. esculentus, C. fuscus, C. niger, C. odoratus, C. schweinitzii, C. squarrosus, C. strigosus
C. acuminatus, C. aggregatus, C. bipartitus, C. difformis, C. eragrostis, C. erythrorhizos, C. esculentus, C. fuscus, C. niger, C. odoratus, C. schweinitzii, C. strigosus
Synonyms Cyperus aristatus, Cyperus inflexus
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