Cyperus difformis |
Cyperus squarrosus |
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Asian flatsedge |
awned flatsedge |
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Habit | Plants annual, cespitose. | Plants annual, cespitose, with fibrous roots. |
Culms | 1–15, trigonous, 7–30 cm × 1.2–2.5 mm; soft (flattened in pressing). |
1–20, trigonous, 2–16 cm × 0.5–0.8 mm. |
Leaves | (2)7–22 cm × 2.2–4 mm. |
(1)5–10(15) × 0.5–2.5 mm. |
Inflorescences | clusters head-like; dense, 7–17(35) mm wide; rays (0)1–5, 2–32 mm; longest inflorescence bract erect or nearly so, appearing as continuation of culm; other bracts horizontal to ascending. |
clusters usually densely head-like to cylindric, 1, loosely to densely ovoid to oblong, 6–20(40) × 9–15(20) mm; rays absent or 1–3(6), 0.4–4 cm; longest inflorescence bracts more or less erect. |
Spikes | 30–120, oblong-ellipsoid, compressed; (2)3–5(6) × 0.8–1.2 mm; greenish brown to purplish brown; floral scales (6)12–20(30), obovate to orbiculate, 0.6–0.8 × 0.6–0.8 mm, stramineous to deep purple with clear margins; mid-stripe greenish, stramineous, or purplish; lateral ribs 0; medial ribs 3; apex mucronulate. |
(2)6–20(40); ovoid-lanceoloid to oblong; somewhat compressed, 2.5–10(20) × 1.3–2.2 mm (excluding awns); greenish to reddish brown; rachilla more or less deciduous; wingless; floral scales deciduous; (4)10–20(34), oblong-lanceolate; (1.2)1.3–1.8(2.2) × (0.5)0.7–0.8(1) mm; greenish to stramineous or brownish red with greenish mid-stripe; (5)7–9(11)-ribbed nearly to margins; apex awned; the strongly outcurved awn an additional 0.5–1(1.3) mm. |
Flowers | anthers 0.1 mm; styles 0.1 mm; stigmas 0.1–0.3 mm. |
anthers 0.2–0.3 mm; styles 0.3–0.5 mm; stigmas 0.4–0.7 mm. |
Achenes | obovoid-ellipsoid, 0.6–0.8 × 0.3–0.4 mm (as long as subtending scale); base cuneate. |
obovoid (occasionally linear-spatulate or linear-oblong), 0.7–0.8(1.1) × (0.2)0.3–0.4(0.5) mm; stipe 0.05–0.1 × 0.1 mm. |
Cyperus difformis |
Cyperus squarrosus |
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Distribution | ||
Discussion | Disturbed, sandy or muddy soils, sand bars, roadsides, sometimes on serpentine. 100–400 m. Sisk. CA, ID; east to NJ, south to Mexico; South America; Africa, Australia, Eurasia, islands of the Pacific and Indian Oceans; Exotic. Cyperus difformis is recognized by its tight heads of small spikes with unusually small scales. The first Oregon collection was made in 2004. |
Lake shores and river margins exposed as water falls, puddles, disturbed shallow wetlands. 0–1300 m. BR, BW, Col, CR, ECas, Lava, Owy, Sisk, WV. CA, ID, NV, WA; throughout US and adjacent Canada, south to South America; nearly cosmopolitan. Native. Cyperus squarrosus is easily recognized by its small size, strongly outcurved scale awns, and many-veined scales. It is sometimes confused with C. acuminatus, which has 3-veined floral scales. |
Source | Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 235 Barbara Wilson, Richard Brainerd, Nick Otting |
Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 237 Barbara Wilson, Richard Brainerd, Nick Otting |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Cyperus aristatus, Cyperus inflexus | |
Web links |
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