Cyperus difformis |
Cyperus erythrorhizos |
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Asian flatsedge |
red-rooted flatsedge |
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Habit | Plants annual, cespitose. | Plants annual, cespitose. |
Culms | 1–15, trigonous, 7–30 cm × 1.2–2.5 mm; soft (flattened in pressing). |
trigonous to roundly trigonous; (0.5)5–25(105) cm × 1–2.5(7.5) mm. |
Leaves | (2)7–22 cm × 2.2–4 mm. |
5–25(90) cm × 2–5(11) mm. |
Inflorescences | clusters head-like; dense, 7–17(35) mm wide; rays (0)1–5, 2–32 mm; longest inflorescence bract erect or nearly so, appearing as continuation of culm; other bracts horizontal to ascending. |
clusters cylindric; dense, 1–3(6); (4)10–30(45) × (6)10– 16(23) mm; rays 2–6(12), 1–8(28) cm long; inflorescence bracts horizontal to ascending at 30°. |
Spikes | 30–120, oblong-ellipsoid, compressed; (2)3–5(6) × 0.8–1.2 mm; greenish brown to purplish brown; floral scales (6)12–20(30), obovate to orbiculate, 0.6–0.8 × 0.6–0.8 mm, stramineous to deep purple with clear margins; mid-stripe greenish, stramineous, or purplish; lateral ribs 0; medial ribs 3; apex mucronulate. |
(20)40–80, linear, quadrangular in cross section, 3–8(11) × 1–1.5 mm; rachilla persistent; at maturity becoming laterally free, remaining firmly attached proximally; wings 0.3(0.4) mm wide; floral scales deciduous, 6–16(30), appressed, oblong-ovate to obovate, 1.3–1.5 × 0.8–1.2 mm, light brown with reddish speckles and greenish midstripe; lateral ribs 0; medial ribs 3; apex obtuse, mucronulate. |
Flowers | anthers 0.1 mm; styles 0.1 mm; stigmas 0.1–0.3 mm. |
anthers 0.2–0.3 mm; styles 0.7–0.8 mm; stigmas 0.4 mm. |
Achenes | obovoid-ellipsoid, 0.6–0.8 × 0.3–0.4 mm (as long as subtending scale); base cuneate. |
ovoid; (0.4)0.7–1 × 0.4–0.6 mm. |
Cyperus difformis |
Cyperus erythrorhizos |
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Distribution | ||
Discussion | Disturbed, sandy or muddy soils, sand bars, roadsides, sometimes on serpentine. 100–400 m. Sisk. CA, ID; east to NJ, south to Mexico; South America; Africa, Australia, Eurasia, islands of the Pacific and Indian Oceans; Exotic. Cyperus difformis is recognized by its tight heads of small spikes with unusually small scales. The first Oregon collection was made in 2004. |
Shorelines exposed by low water levels. 0–700 m. Casc, Col, CR, ECas, Est, Owy, Sisk, WV. CA, NV, WA; throughout most of US and southern Canada, south to Mexico. Native. |
Source | Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 235 Barbara Wilson, Richard Brainerd, Nick Otting |
Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 235 Barbara Wilson, Richard Brainerd, Nick Otting |
Sibling taxa | ||
Web links |
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