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brass buttons

cotula, waterbuttons

Habit Plants perennial, 5–45 cm; usually stoloniferous. Herbs annual or perennial; fibrous-rooted or stoloniferous.
Stems

decumbent to erect; simple to well branched, glabrous or minutely glandular.

1–several, decumbent to erect or spreading; simple or branched, glabrous to villous or minutely glandular.

Leaves

linear to linear-lanceolate, 1–7 cm, bases auriculate and forming a membranous sheath around stem;

margins entire or few-lobed;

lobes linear;

tips acute;

surfaces glabrous, sometimes gland-dotted, sessile.

principally cauline, alternate; simple to pinnately toothed or lobed, or pinnately compound;

surfaces glabrous to villous or minutely gland-dotted.

Inflorescences

solitary terminal heads.

Peduncles

1–9 cm.

Involucres

hemispheric, 3–4 mm.

spreading in fruit.

Receptacles

flat to convex;

paleae 0.

Ray florets

0, or rarely 1–3 series of 8–80+ pistillate florets with corollas 0.

Disc florets

corollas 1–1.5 mm, equaling or exceeding involucres, yellow.

corollas tubular, slightly widened distally;

lobes 4–5, triangular; erect;

stamens 4–5, not exserted;

styles ? 1 mm.

Phyllaries

3–5-veined;

surfaces glabrous; inner obtuse; outer obtuse or acute.

in 2–3 equal series; lance-elliptic;

margins membranous, 1–5-veined, glabrous or villous; inner obtuse; outer obtuse or acute.

Fruits

0.7–1.8 mm, glabrous or minutely glandular, brown, winged or not.

obovoid or oblong, compressed, with 2 marginal veins, sometimes wing-margined;

pappi 0.

Heads

disciform, rarely radiate or discoid.

2n

=20.

Cotula coronopifolia

Cotula

Distribution
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Beaches, tide marshes, moist fields, disturbed areas. Flowering Mar–Dec. 0–200 m. Est. CA, NV, WA; north to British Columbia, southeast to AZ, south to Mexico; Africa, Australia, Europe, South America. Exotic.

Africa, Australia, Europe, North America, Pacific Islands, South America. 55 species; 2 species treated in Flora.

A single collection of Cotula mexicana has been made in Oregon, in 2009, from closely mowed greens of a golf course in Morrow County, where it was probably introduced in turf from California. It has a matted growth form, pinnately lobed leaves, and floral peduncles about as long as the leaves. Thus far it appears to be limited to this specialized type of cultivated habitat.

Source Flora of Oregon, volume 2, page 234
Kenton Chambers
Flora of Oregon, volume 1
Sibling taxa
C. australis, C. mexicana
Subordinate taxa
C. australis, C. coronopifolia, C. mexicana
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