The green links below add additional plants to the comparison table. Blue links lead to other Web sites.
enable glossary links

Canada thistle, creeping thistle

Habit Plants perennial, dioecious, 3–15(20) dm; from deep-seated creeping roots.
Stems

1–many, glabrous to appressed-tomentose.

Leaves

elliptic to oblong, 3–30 × 1–6 cm;

margins entire to dentate or pinnately lobed;

spines 1–7 mm;

surfaces abaxially ± tomentose, adaxially glabrous to thinly tomentose;

basal usually absent at flowering, sessile, sometimes decurrent.

Involucres

ovoid, becoming campanulate in fruit, 1–2 × 1–2(2.5) cm.

Florets

corollas purple, rarely white or pink, staminate florets 12–18 mm;

tubes 8–11 mm;

throats 1–2 mm;

lobes 3–5 mm, pistillate florets 14–20 mm;

tubes 10–15 mm;

throats 0.5–1.5 mm;

lobes 2–3 mm;

style tips 1–2 mm.

Phyllaries

strongly imbricate, with narrow glutinous ridges; outer with weak spines to 1 mm.

Fruits

2–4 mm, brown;

pappi 13–32 mm.

Heads

(1)few–many.

Cirsium altissimum

Cirsium arvense

Distribution
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Disturbed areas, cultivated fields, pastures, forest openings. Flowering Jun–Sep. 0–2400 m. All ecoregions. CA, ID, NV, WA; throughout most of North America; worldwide. Exotic.

Listed as a noxious weed throughout North America, C. arvense is a prolific agricultural weed.

Source Flora of Oregon, volume 2, page 225
Bridget Chipman
Sibling taxa
C. andersonii, C. arvense, C. brevifolium, C. brevistylum, C. ciliolatum, C. cymosum, C. douglasii, C. eatonii, C. edule, C. edule x Cirsium remotifolium, C. inamoenum, C. occidentale, C. ochrocentrum, C. remotifolium, C. scariosum, C. undulatum, C. vulgare
C. andersonii, C. brevifolium, C. brevistylum, C. ciliolatum, C. cymosum, C. douglasii, C. eatonii, C. edule, C. edule x Cirsium remotifolium, C. inamoenum, C. occidentale, C. ochrocentrum, C. remotifolium, C. scariosum, C. undulatum, C. vulgare
Synonyms Cirsium arvense var. arvense, Cirsium arvense var. horridum
Web links