The green links below add additional plants to the comparison table. Blue links lead to other Web sites.
enable glossary links

St. Barnaby's thistle, yellow starthistle

montane starthistle, mountain bluet, mountain cornflower, perennial cornflower

Habit Plants annual or biennial, 1–10 dm. Plants perennial, 2.5–8 dm.
Stems

1–many, branched from bases, tomentose.

simple or sparsely branched, thinly tomentose to glabrate.

Leaves

tomentose and scabrous to bristly, bases decurrent;

basal and lower cauline blades often absent at maturity, 5–15 cm, pinnately dissected or lobed;

petioles winged; upper cauline blades oblong to linear, 1–10 cm;

margins entire or slightly dentate, sessile.

thinly villous or tomentose to glabrate;

basal and lower cauline blades ovate to oblong or oblanceolate, 10–30 cm; > 1 cm wide;

margins entire to shallowly dentate or pinnately lobed;

petioles winged; upper cauline blades ovate to oblong or lanceolate, gradually smaller, decurrent;

margins entire or minutely dentate, sessile.

Inflorescences

cyme-like clusters or heads solitary.

few-headed corymb-like arrays.

Involucres

ovoid, 10–15 mm.

campanulate, 20–25 mm.

Florets

yellow, sterile florets ? fertile florets, fertile florets 13–20 mm.

sterile florets 25–45 mm, blue, rarely white, pink, or purple, fertile florets 20–30 mm, purple;

anthers dark purple.

Phyllaries

outer ovate;

bodies green, palmately spiny;

central spines stout, 10–25 mm; straw-colored; inner with smaller hyaline appendages.

outer lanceolate to ovate, green;

margins scarious with comb-like fringe; appendages not obscuring phyllary bodies, brown to black; inner occasionally without appendages.

Fruits

dimorphic; outer 2–3 mm, dark brown, glabrous;

pappi 0; inner light brown or mottled, pappi of white bristles, 2–4 mm.

5–6 mm, brown to white with slightly appressed hairs, pappi of bristles, 0.5–1.5 mm.

Heads

disciform, pedunculate.

± radiate, pedunculate or sessile.

2n

=16.

Centaurea solstitialis

Centaurea montana

Distribution
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Disturbed areas, roadsides, woods, fields, pastures, streambanks. Flowering Jul–Oct. 0–2000 m. BR, BW, Col, CR, Est, Lava, Sisk, WV. CA, ID, NV, WA; throughout North America; Europe. Exotic.

Centaurea solstitialis is an aggressive weed of pastures and rangeland in western North America, often forming dense stands. This species is cumulatively toxic to horses, potentially causing a disorder known as “chewing disease.” See also C. × gerstlaueri.

Disturbed areas, roadsides, streambanks, open woods, sagebrush steppe. Flowering Apr–Jul. 0–500 m. Casc, WV. ID, WA; north to British Columbia, northeast to MT, northeastern North America; Europe. Exotic.

Source Flora of Oregon, volume 2, page 215
Bridget Chipman
Flora of Oregon, volume 2, page 215
Bridget Chipman
Sibling taxa
C. benedicta, C. calcitrapa, C. cyanus, C. diffusa, C. iberica, C. jacea, C. jacea x Centaurea nigra, C. melitensis, C. montana, C. nigra, C. nigrescens, C. stoebe, C. virgata
C. benedicta, C. calcitrapa, C. cyanus, C. diffusa, C. iberica, C. jacea, C. jacea x Centaurea nigra, C. melitensis, C. nigra, C. nigrescens, C. solstitialis, C. stoebe, C. virgata
Web links