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Maltese starthistle, tocalote

montane starthistle, mountain bluet, mountain cornflower, perennial cornflower

Habit Plants annual, 1–10 dm. Plants perennial, 2.5–8 dm.
Stems

branched above, sparsely tomentose;

gland-dotted.

simple or sparsely branched, thinly tomentose to glabrate.

Leaves

villous, thinly to densely tomentose;

gland-dotted;

basal and lower cauline blades oblong to oblanceolate, 2–15 cm;

margins dentate, pinnately lobed or entire, petiolate to tapering at base; upper cauline blades linear to oblong, 1–5 cm, bases decurrent;

margins dentate to entire.

thinly villous or tomentose to glabrate;

basal and lower cauline blades ovate to oblong or oblanceolate, 10–30 cm; > 1 cm wide;

margins entire to shallowly dentate or pinnately lobed;

petioles winged; upper cauline blades ovate to oblong or lanceolate, gradually smaller, decurrent;

margins entire or minutely dentate, sessile.

Inflorescences

1–few in corymb-like arrays or heads solitary.

few-headed corymb-like arrays.

Involucres

ovoid, 8–15 mm.

campanulate, 20–25 mm.

Florets

yellow, sterile florets ? fertile florets, fertile florets 10–14 mm.

sterile florets 25–45 mm, blue, rarely white, pink, or purple, fertile florets 20–30 mm, purple;

anthers dark purple.

Phyllaries

outer ovate, bases spiny-fringed;

surfaces tomentose to glabrate;

central spines slender, 5–10 mm, often purple; inner entire; acute or spine-tipped.

outer lanceolate to ovate, green;

margins scarious with comb-like fringe; appendages not obscuring phyllary bodies, brown to black; inner occasionally without appendages.

Fruits

2.5–3 mm, white or light brown, finely hairy, pappi of unequal, white bristles, 1.5–3 mm.

5–6 mm, brown to white with slightly appressed hairs, pappi of bristles, 0.5–1.5 mm.

Heads

disciform.

± radiate, pedunculate or sessile.

2n

=24.

Centaurea melitensis

Centaurea montana

Distribution
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Disturbed areas, roadsides, open woods, fields, pastures. Flowering May–Jul. 0–700 m. CR, ECas, Est, Sisk, WV. CA, ID, NV, WA; scattered in North America; Africa, Asia, Europe. Exotic.

Disturbed areas, roadsides, streambanks, open woods, sagebrush steppe. Flowering Apr–Jul. 0–500 m. Casc, WV. ID, WA; north to British Columbia, northeast to MT, northeastern North America; Europe. Exotic.

Source Flora of Oregon, volume 2, page 214
Bridget Chipman
Flora of Oregon, volume 2, page 215
Bridget Chipman
Sibling taxa
C. benedicta, C. calcitrapa, C. cyanus, C. diffusa, C. iberica, C. jacea, C. jacea x Centaurea nigra, C. montana, C. nigra, C. nigrescens, C. solstitialis, C. stoebe, C. virgata
C. benedicta, C. calcitrapa, C. cyanus, C. diffusa, C. iberica, C. jacea, C. jacea x Centaurea nigra, C. melitensis, C. nigra, C. nigrescens, C. solstitialis, C. stoebe, C. virgata
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