Cardamine nuttallii |
Cardamine parviflora |
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Nuttall's toothwort, slender toothwort |
narrow-leaved bittercress, sand bittercress, small-flowered bittercress |
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Habit | Plants perennial, glabrous or pubescent; rhizomes slender, tuberous, segmented, producing fragile segments, ovoid, oblong, or cylindrical, 2–5 mm in diameter, nodes fleshy. | Plants annual, slender, glabrous or pubescent. |
Stems | erect, 0.5–2(3) dm; simple, bases above ground much wider than attachment to rhizome. |
somewhat flexuous; (5)10–30(40) cm. |
Basal leaves | often withered by anthesis, not rosulate, pinnately (5)7–13(17)-foliolate; (2)4–10 cm; terminal leaflets linear, oblong, oblanceolate, obovate, or suborbicular; (1)3–10 × 1–7 mm; margins entire, or 3(5)-toothed or -lobed; lateral leaflets similar to terminal. |
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Rhizomal leaves | simple or 3(5)-foliolate; (3)4–20(25) cm; blades or terminal leaflets reniform, suborbicular; ovate, or oblong; (0.9)1.3–4(5.2) × (0.8)1.2–5(7) cm, often with purple spots, bases cordate to obtuse; margins apiculate-dentate or 5–7-lobed. |
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Cauline leaves | 1–3, pinnately or palmately compound, 3(5)-foliolate, bases not auriculate; terminal leaflets ovate, oblong, or linear; (0.5)1–3.5(6) cm; lateral leaflets smaller; entire, dentate, or lobed. |
pinnately or palmately compound; (5)9–15(17)-foliolate, bases not auriculate; lateral leaflets narrowly oblong, linear, or filiform, 1–3 mm wide; terminal leaflets filiform, linear, or narrowly oblong, 3–10(16) × 0.3–3 mm; margins entire or rarely 1–3-toothed. |
Inflorescences | bracts 0, fruiting pedicels ascending to divaricate, 1–3.5 cm. |
bracts 0, fruiting pedicels divaricate or ascending, 4–10 mm. |
Flowers | sepals erect, oblong, 3.5–5 mm; lateral pair saccate; petals obovate, 10–15 × 4–7.5 mm, purple to pale pink, rarely white, not clawed; tips rounded; ovules 8–16 per ovary; styles 4–8 mm. |
sepals oblong, 1–1.5(2) mm; petals oblanceolate; (1.5)1.8–2.5(3) × 0.4–0.8(1) mm, white; stamens 6; anthers ovate, 0.2–0.4 mm; ovules 20–50 per ovary; styles 0.3–0.7(1) mm. |
Fruits | 25–56 × 2–2.3 mm, glabrous. |
(5)10–20(25) × 0.6–0.9 mm, glabrous. |
Seeds | oblong, 2–2.5 × 1.4–1.6 mm. |
oblong-ovate, 0.6–0.9 × 0.4–0.6 mm, margined or not. |
2n | =16. |
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Cardamine nuttallii |
Cardamine parviflora |
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Distribution | ||
Discussion | Damp woods, shaded bottomlands and hillsides, mossy slopes, streamsides. Flowering Mar–Jul. 0–2000 m. Casc, Col, CR, ECas, Est, Sisk, WV. CA, WA; north to British Columbia. Native. |
Roadsides, riverbanks, rocky crests and outcrops, dry woods, fallow fields, marsh and swamp margins, floodplains, waste grounds, ledges and cliffs. Flowering Apr–Jun. 0–1300 m. BW, WV. WA; throughout southern Canada, central and eastern US. Native. |
Source | Flora of Oregon, volume 2 draft Ihsan Al-Shehbaz |
Flora of Oregon, volume 2, page 466 Ihsan Al-Shehbaz |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Cardamine nuttallii var. covilleana, Cardamine nuttallii var. dissecta, Cardamine nuttallii var. gemmata, Cardamine nuttallii var. nuttallii, Cardamine pulcherrima, Cardamine pulcherrima var. pulcherrima, Cardamine pulcherrima var. tenella, Dentaria gemmata, Dentaria tenella, Dentaria tenella var. pulcherrima, Dentaria tenella var. quercetorum, Dentaria tenella var. tenella | |
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