Brassica rapa |
Brassica oleracea |
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field mustard, turnip |
cabbage |
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Habit | Plants annual or biennial, glabrous or sparsely pubescent basally, rarely glaucous. | Plants biennial or perennial, glabrous, glaucous. |
Stems | 3–12(19) dm. |
(3)6–15(3) dm. |
Basal leaves | and lowermost cauline (5)10–40(60) × 3–10 (20) cm; margins entire, dentate, or pinnatisect, with terminal lobes larger than 1–6 lateral lobes on each side, petiolate. |
and lowermost cauline to 40 × 15 cm; margins entire, dentate, or pinnately lobed; terminal lobes larger than 1–13 lateral lobes on each side, petiolate. |
Inflorescences | fruiting pedicels ascending to divaricate; (5)10–25(30) mm. |
fruiting pedicels ascending to divaricate; (8)14–25(40) mm. |
Flowers | sepals oblong; (3)4–6.5(8) mm, ascending; petals obovate; (5)7–10(13) × (2.5)3–6(7) mm, bright yellow, rarely pale or whitish yellow; claws 3–7 mm; anthers oblong, 1.5–2 mm; filaments 4–6(7) mm; lateral curved at base; styles obsolete. |
sepals oblong, 8–15 mm; erect; petals ovate to elliptic; (15)18–25(30) × (6)8–12 mm, yellow or white; claws 7–15 mm; filaments 8–12 mm; erect at base; styles obsolete. |
Fruits | divaricate to ascending; terete; (2)3–8(11) cm × 2–4(5) mm, valvular segments (1.3)2–5(7.5) cm, 8–15-seeded per locule; valves with prominent midveins; terminal segments conical; (0.3)1–2.5(3.5) cm; seedless or rarely 1-seeded, sessile. |
divaricate to ascending; terete; (2.5)4–8(10) cm × (2.5)3–4(5) mm, valvular segments (2)3–7.5(9) cm, 10–20-seeded per locule; valves with prominent midveins; terminal segment conical; (3)4–10 mm; seedless or 1(2)-seeded. |
Seeds | 1–1.8 mm in diameter. |
1.5–2.5 mm in diameter. |
Upper cauline leaves | ovate to lanceolate, 2–8(12) × 0.8–3 cm, bases amplexicaul or auriculate, sessile. |
oblanceolate; ovate; to oblong; to 10 × 4 cm, bases amplexicaul, auriculate, or not, sessile. |
2n | =20. |
=18. |
Brassica rapa |
Brassica oleracea |
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Distribution | ||
Discussion | Abandoned fields, roadsides, disturbed areas, gardens. Flowering Apr–Oct. 0–1500 m. BW, Casc, Col, CR, Est, Lava, Sisk, WV. CA, ID, NV, WA; worldwide. Exotic. Brassica rapa includes many cultivars. These are recognized as varieties or subspecies, including turnip (ssp. rapa), Chinese mustard or bok choy (ssp. chinensis), and Chinese cabbage or petsai (ssp. pekinensis). |
Gardens, abandoned fields, waste places, coastal bluffs. Flowering May–Aug. 0–300 m. Est, WV. CA, WA; eastern North America; Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe. Exotic. Brassica oleracea has been cultivated since ancient times, and many common vegetables have been cultivated from this species, including broccoli (var. italica), Brussels sprouts (var. gemmifera), cabbage (var. capitata), cauliflower (var. botrytis), collard greens (var. viridis), kale (var. sabellica), and kohlrabi (var. gongylodes). |
Source | Flora of Oregon, volume 2, page 459 Ihsan Al-Shehbaz |
Flora of Oregon, volume 2, page 459 Ihsan Al-Shehbaz |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Brassica campestris | |
Web links |
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