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field mustard, turnip

canola, rapeseed, rutabaga

Habit Plants annual or biennial, glabrous or sparsely pubescent basally, rarely glaucous. Plants annual or biennial, glabrous or basally sparsely hirsute, often glaucous.
Stems

3–12(19) dm.

3–15 dm.

Basal leaves

and lowermost cauline (5)10–40(60) × 3–10 (20) cm;

margins entire, dentate, or pinnatisect, with terminal lobes larger than 1–6 lateral lobes on each side, petiolate.

and lowermost cauline 5–25(40) × 2–7(10) cm;

margins pinnately lobed, lyrate, or undivided; entire or dentate; terminal lobes larger than 1–6 lateral lobes on each side, petiolate.

Inflorescences

fruiting pedicels ascending to divaricate; (5)10–25(30) mm.

fruiting pedicels divaricate; (10)12–23(30) mm.

Flowers

sepals oblong; (3)4–6.5(8) mm, ascending;

petals obovate; (5)7–10(13) × (2.5)3–6(7) mm, bright yellow, rarely pale or whitish yellow;

claws 3–7 mm;

anthers oblong, 1.5–2 mm;

filaments 4–6(7) mm;

lateral curved at base;

styles obsolete.

not overtopping buds;

sepals ascending, oblong; (5)6–10 mm;

petals obovate; (9)10–16(18) × (5)6–9(10) mm; bright or pale yellow;

claws 5–9 mm;

filaments (5)7–10 mm;

lateral curved at base;

styles obsolete.

Fruits

divaricate to ascending; terete; (2)3–8(11) cm × 2–4(5) mm, valvular segments (1.3)2–5(7.5) cm, 8–15-seeded per locule;

valves with prominent midveins; terminal segments conical; (0.3)1–2.5(3.5) cm; seedless or rarely 1-seeded, sessile.

divaricate to ascending; terete or slightly 4-angled; (3.5)5–9.5(11) cm × (2.5)3.5–5 mm, valvular segments (3)4–8.5(9.5) cm, 12–20(30)-seeded per locule;

valves with prominent midvein, slightly torulose or smooth; terminal segments conical; (0.5)0.9–1.6 cm; seedless or 1-seeded.

Seeds

1–1.8 mm in diameter.

(1.2)1.5–2.5(3) mm in diameter.

Upper cauline leaves

ovate to lanceolate, 2–8(12) × 0.8–3 cm, bases amplexicaul or auriculate, sessile.

to 8 × 3.5 cm, bases amplexicaul or auriculate, sessile.

2n

=20.

=38.

Brassica rapa

Brassica napus

Distribution
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Abandoned fields, roadsides, disturbed areas, gardens. Flowering Apr–Oct. 0–1500 m. BW, Casc, Col, CR, Est, Lava, Sisk, WV. CA, ID, NV, WA; worldwide. Exotic.

Brassica rapa includes many cultivars. These are recognized as varieties or subspecies, including turnip (ssp. rapa), Chinese mustard or bok choy (ssp. chinensis), and Chinese cabbage or petsai (ssp. pekinensis).

Roadsides, disturbed areas, waste places, cultivated and abandoned fields, garden escape from cultivation. Flowering May–Sep. 0–800 m. Sisk. CA, ID, NV, WA; worldwide. Exotic.

Brassica napus is an allotetraploid derived from hybridization between the B. oleracea complex (n=9) and B. rapa (n=10). It is widely cultivated worldwide for canola seed oil.

Source Flora of Oregon, volume 2, page 459
Ihsan Al-Shehbaz
Flora of Oregon, volume 2, page 458
Ihsan Al-Shehbaz
Sibling taxa
B. elongata, B. juncea, B. napus, B. nigra, B. oleracea
B. elongata, B. juncea, B. nigra, B. oleracea, B. rapa
Synonyms Brassica campestris
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