Brassica rapa |
Brassica napus |
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field mustard, turnip |
canola, rapeseed, rutabaga |
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Habit | Plants annual or biennial, glabrous or sparsely pubescent basally, rarely glaucous. | Plants annual or biennial, glabrous or basally sparsely hirsute, often glaucous. |
Stems | 3–12(19) dm. |
3–15 dm. |
Basal leaves | and lowermost cauline (5)10–40(60) × 3–10 (20) cm; margins entire, dentate, or pinnatisect, with terminal lobes larger than 1–6 lateral lobes on each side, petiolate. |
and lowermost cauline 5–25(40) × 2–7(10) cm; margins pinnately lobed, lyrate, or undivided; entire or dentate; terminal lobes larger than 1–6 lateral lobes on each side, petiolate. |
Inflorescences | fruiting pedicels ascending to divaricate; (5)10–25(30) mm. |
fruiting pedicels divaricate; (10)12–23(30) mm. |
Flowers | sepals oblong; (3)4–6.5(8) mm, ascending; petals obovate; (5)7–10(13) × (2.5)3–6(7) mm, bright yellow, rarely pale or whitish yellow; claws 3–7 mm; anthers oblong, 1.5–2 mm; filaments 4–6(7) mm; lateral curved at base; styles obsolete. |
not overtopping buds; sepals ascending, oblong; (5)6–10 mm; petals obovate; (9)10–16(18) × (5)6–9(10) mm; bright or pale yellow; claws 5–9 mm; filaments (5)7–10 mm; lateral curved at base; styles obsolete. |
Fruits | divaricate to ascending; terete; (2)3–8(11) cm × 2–4(5) mm, valvular segments (1.3)2–5(7.5) cm, 8–15-seeded per locule; valves with prominent midveins; terminal segments conical; (0.3)1–2.5(3.5) cm; seedless or rarely 1-seeded, sessile. |
divaricate to ascending; terete or slightly 4-angled; (3.5)5–9.5(11) cm × (2.5)3.5–5 mm, valvular segments (3)4–8.5(9.5) cm, 12–20(30)-seeded per locule; valves with prominent midvein, slightly torulose or smooth; terminal segments conical; (0.5)0.9–1.6 cm; seedless or 1-seeded. |
Seeds | 1–1.8 mm in diameter. |
(1.2)1.5–2.5(3) mm in diameter. |
Upper cauline leaves | ovate to lanceolate, 2–8(12) × 0.8–3 cm, bases amplexicaul or auriculate, sessile. |
to 8 × 3.5 cm, bases amplexicaul or auriculate, sessile. |
2n | =20. |
=38. |
Brassica rapa |
Brassica napus |
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Distribution | ||
Discussion | Abandoned fields, roadsides, disturbed areas, gardens. Flowering Apr–Oct. 0–1500 m. BW, Casc, Col, CR, Est, Lava, Sisk, WV. CA, ID, NV, WA; worldwide. Exotic. Brassica rapa includes many cultivars. These are recognized as varieties or subspecies, including turnip (ssp. rapa), Chinese mustard or bok choy (ssp. chinensis), and Chinese cabbage or petsai (ssp. pekinensis). |
Roadsides, disturbed areas, waste places, cultivated and abandoned fields, garden escape from cultivation. Flowering May–Sep. 0–800 m. Sisk. CA, ID, NV, WA; worldwide. Exotic. Brassica napus is an allotetraploid derived from hybridization between the B. oleracea complex (n=9) and B. rapa (n=10). It is widely cultivated worldwide for canola seed oil. |
Source | Flora of Oregon, volume 2, page 459 Ihsan Al-Shehbaz |
Flora of Oregon, volume 2, page 458 Ihsan Al-Shehbaz |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Brassica campestris | |
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