Balsamorhiza serrata |
Balsamorhiza macrophylla |
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serrate balsamroot |
large-leaf balsamroot |
|
Stems | 5–34 cm, sparsely villous-tomentose; from single taproot. |
up to 35 cm, tomentose; from single taproot. |
Leaves | ovate-lanceolate, undivided to pinnatifid, rarely with some leaves pinnately compound; margins sharply serrate; tips apiculate; surfaces sparsely hispid; basal leaves in 1–few rosettes; blades 4.5–15 × 2–5.5 cm; pinnae (when present) 4–11 mm wide; petioles 1–9(13) cm, often one or more bract-like basal leaves present; cauline leaves of 1 pair (when present); opposite; blades 1–4(5.5) × 0.6–1.5 cm; petioles 2–5.5(6.5) cm. |
lanceolate-oblong, 1-pinnately divided; pinnae toothed, with teeth only on lower margins; surfaces tomentose; basal leaves in 1–few rosettes; blades 12–22 × 6–8 cm; pinnae 10–36 mm wide; petioles 7–20 cm; cauline blades 1.5–5 × 0.3–0.9 cm; petioles 6–9 cm. |
Inflorescences | with 1 terminal head. |
with 1 terminal head. |
Involucres | 13–15 × 10–30 mm. |
14–18 × 25–30 mm. |
Ray florets | 8–21, yellow; rays 13–24 × 4–9 mm. |
14–16, yellow; rays 35–40 × 8–11 mm. |
Disc florets | ~8 mm. |
~9 mm. |
Phyllaries | linear-lanceolate, 11–18 × 2–4 mm; tips acuminate, sparsely to densely villous-tomentose. |
ovate-lanceolate, 20–25 × 5–6 mm; tips acuminate, tomentose. |
Fruits | 6–7 × 1.5–2 mm, glabrous. |
8–9 mm, glabrous. |
Paleae | 11–12 mm. |
10–12 mm. |
2n | =100 ± 2. |
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Balsamorhiza serrata |
Balsamorhiza macrophylla |
|
Distribution | ||
Discussion | Dry open areas, serpentine. Flowering Apr–Jun. 600–2100 m. BR, BW, Col, ECas, Lava. CA, NV, WA. Native. Balsamorhiza serrata is distinct among members of the genus Balsamorhiza in generally having simple leaves with serrate margins and tapered (not sagittate) bases. Some plants have pinnately divided leaves. Further work may show that these plants are actually hybrids between B. serrata and B. hookeri or B. hispidula. Balsamorhiza serrata is known to hybridize with B. sagittata. |
Dry, open areas. Flowering May–Jul. 700–1400 m. BW. ID; east to WY. Native. True B. macrophylla is a decaploid centered on the Wasatch Mountains in Utah and Idaho. The plants in Oregon and western Idaho are also high polyploids, but they differ morphologically from classic B. macrophylla in their denser pubescence and the shape of their leaves. These eastern plants have been given the name B. macrophylla var. idahoensis. However, further study will likely show that they have a different parentage than B. macrophylla s.s. The specific epithet “macrophylla” means large-leaved, as the leaves are much larger than those of the other members of section Balsamorhiza. |
Source | Flora of Oregon, volume 2, page 201 Abigail (Abby) Moore |
Flora of Oregon, volume 2, page 200 Abigail (Abby) Moore |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Balsamorhiza hookeri var. idahoensis | |
Web links |