Balsamorhiza hookeri |
Balsamorhiza careyana |
|
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Hooker's balsamroot |
Carey's balsamroot |
|
Stems | 11–47 cm; hirsute; from single taproot. |
forming clumps, 23–62 cm, green, sparsely villous-hirsute; more densely so below heads. |
Leaves | lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 1-pinnately divided with some pinnae toothed or lobed to 3-pinnately lobed; margins entire to crenate or serrate; surfaces hirsute to hirsute-sericeous; basal leaves in 1–few rosettes; blades 12–24 × 4–12 cm; pinnae 1–10 mm wide; petioles 4–15 cm; cauline blades 3–14.5 × 0.6–4 cm; petioles 4–11 cm. |
simple; margins entire to slightly crenate; surfaces hirsutulous to hirsute; basal leaves in multiple rosettes; blades deltate, 7–30 × 4.7–16 cm, bases cordate to hastate; petioles 7.5–36 cm; cauline proximal pair generally opposite, lanceolate; distal alternate; blades tapering at both ends, 2.5–8.2 × 0.4–2.8 cm; petioles 0–7.5 cm. |
Inflorescences | with 1 terminal head. |
with 1 larger; terminal head and 1–6 smaller; axillary heads; peduncles 0–20.5 cm. |
Involucres | 8–15 × 15–25 mm. |
terminal 9–15 × 15–25 mm; axillary 9–13 × 6–12 mm. |
Ray florets | deciduous, 10–17, yellow; rays 15–30 × 4–7 mm. |
8–20 on large heads, 5–9 on small heads, yellow, persistent after drying; rays 18–26 × 5–11 mm. |
Disc florets | ~6 mm. |
6.5–8.5 mm. |
Phyllaries | linear-lanceolate to ovate, 13–20 × 3–6 mm, with or without long-acuminate tips, villous-hirsute and ciliate, sometimes glabrous proximally. |
ovate-lanceolate, 8–34 × 4–7 mm; outer often tapered to caudate or with acuminate tips, villous to tomentose. |
Fruits | 6.5 × 1.5 mm, glabrous. |
5.5–7.5 × 2–2.5 mm, generally strigillose, sometimes glabrous. |
Paleae | 11–12 mm. |
11–13 mm. |
2n | =38. |
=38. |
Balsamorhiza hookeri |
Balsamorhiza careyana |
|
Distribution | ||
Discussion | Dry, open, often rocky areas. Flowering Apr–Jun. 1000–1600 m. BR, BW. CA, ID, NV, WA; southeast to UT. Native. As treated here, B. hookeri consists of the members of section Balsamorhiza that are left over after the entities that are distinct in at least some parts of their ranges are removed. Balsamorhiza hookeri hybridizes with B. hispidula and B. sagittata. The species is named after the British botanist William Jackson Hooker, who initially described it as Heliopsis balsamorhiza and tentatively proposed (but did not validly publish, as he did not accept it) the genus Balsamorhiza under the supposition that it would prove to be distinct from Heliopsis once better material was collected. |
Open areas, open pine woodlands. Flowering Apr–Jul. 0–1300 m. BW, Casc, Col, ECas, Lava. WA. Native. Balsamorhiza careyana usually grows east of the Cascades but intergrades broadly with B. deltoidea in the Cascades and along the Columbia River. Pure B. careyana is easily distinguished by a combination of strigillose fruit, ray florets that are persistent after drying, and generally more heads per stem than B. deltoidea. Cascade specimens can be difficult to determine and have been separated as B. careyana var. intermedia in other treatments. The two species should perhaps be considered varieties of the same species. |
Source | Flora of Oregon, volume 2, page 200 Abigail (Abby) Moore |
Flora of Oregon, volume 2, page 199 Abigail (Abby) Moore |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Balsamorhiza hirsuta, Balsamorhiza hookeri var. hirsuta, Balsamorhiza hookeri var. neglecta, Balsamorhiza hookeri var. platylepis, Balsamorhiza macrolepis, Balsamorhiza macrolepis var. platylepis, Balsamorhiza platylepis | Balsamorhiza careyana var. careyana, Balsamorhiza careyana var. intermedia |
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