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wild oats

oats

Habit Plants annual.
Culms

8–200 cm tall, often prostrate when young but becoming erect.

Leaves

blades 10– 45 cm × 3–15(25) mm; flat or occasionally involute, scabrous.

cauline;

sheaths open;

ligules membranous;

blades flat.

Inflorescences

7–40 × 6–12 cm;

branches spreading;

disarticulation beneath each floret.

open panicles.

Spikelets

18– 32 mm with 2–3(5) florets.

15–50 mm, pedicellate, laterally compressed, with 1–6(8) florets;

disarticulation above the glumes, usually also between the florets (cultivated species not disarticulating).

Glumes

18–32 mm with 9–11 veins; awnless.

usually exceeding the florets, membranous, glabrous, 3–11-veined; awnless.

Caryopses

shorter than the lemmas, concealed at maturity; terete, pubescent.

Plant

8–160 cm tall.

Calluses

hairs to 25% as long as the lemmas.

glabrous to hairy.

Lemmas

14–22 mm with 5–9 veins; leathery; thin and membranous at the tip, densely pubescent below mid-length, sometimes sparsely pubescent or glabrous;

tips bifid;

teeth 0.3–1.5 mm but lacking long bristle-like tips;

lemma awns 23–42 mm, arising in the middle 33% of the lemma backs.

more or less hard, enclosing the caryopses at maturity, 5–9-veined, pubescent below mid-length, sometimes glabrous;

tips bifid with the teeth sometimes long and bristle-like;

lemma awns usually present, arising on the lemma back, usually bent and twisted.

Anthers

about 3 mm.

3.

2n

=42.

Avena fatua

Avena

Distribution
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Disturbed areas, roadsides, grain fields, upland grasslands. 0–1100m. BR, BW, CR, Est, Lava, Sisk, WV. CA, ID, NV, WA; throughout North America; worldwide. Exotic.

Avena fatua invades upland grasslands, displacing native prairie species. It also can be a serious weed in grain crops. It may be the ancestor of cultivated A. sativa. Avena fatua × A. sativa hybrids resemble A. sativa but lack lobes on the wings of the lodicules and may have an awn on the lowest lemma.

Temperate and cold regions worldwide. Approximately 29 species worldwide; 3 species treated in Flora.

Wild oats are widely distributed weeds of disturbed grasslands, becoming community dominants in areas with Mediterranean climates such as California and western Oregon. Avena sterilis has been reported from Oregon, but the reports cannot be confirmed. It is much like A. fatua, but its florets remain together, falling from the glumes as one unit. Its awns are 30–90 mm; the longer awns are twice the length of awns of our other wild oats. Its awns may be hairy below the midpoint; those of our other species are glabrous to minutely scabrous.

Source Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 363
Barbara Wilson, Richard Brainerd, Nick Otting
Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 362
Barbara Wilson, Richard Brainerd, Nick Otting
Sibling taxa
A. barbata, A. fatua x Avena sativa, A. sativa
Subordinate taxa
A. barbata, A. fatua, A. sativa
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