Avena fatua |
Avena |
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wild oats |
oats |
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Habit | Plants annual. | |
Culms | 8–200 cm tall, often prostrate when young but becoming erect. |
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Leaves | blades 10– 45 cm × 3–15(25) mm; flat or occasionally involute, scabrous. |
cauline; sheaths open; ligules membranous; blades flat. |
Inflorescences | 7–40 × 6–12 cm; branches spreading; disarticulation beneath each floret. |
open panicles. |
Spikelets | 18– 32 mm with 2–3(5) florets. |
15–50 mm, pedicellate, laterally compressed, with 1–6(8) florets; disarticulation above the glumes, usually also between the florets (cultivated species not disarticulating). |
Glumes | 18–32 mm with 9–11 veins; awnless. |
usually exceeding the florets, membranous, glabrous, 3–11-veined; awnless. |
Caryopses | shorter than the lemmas, concealed at maturity; terete, pubescent. |
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Plant | 8–160 cm tall. |
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Calluses | hairs to 25% as long as the lemmas. |
glabrous to hairy. |
Lemmas | 14–22 mm with 5–9 veins; leathery; thin and membranous at the tip, densely pubescent below mid-length, sometimes sparsely pubescent or glabrous; tips bifid; teeth 0.3–1.5 mm but lacking long bristle-like tips; lemma awns 23–42 mm, arising in the middle 33% of the lemma backs. |
more or less hard, enclosing the caryopses at maturity, 5–9-veined, pubescent below mid-length, sometimes glabrous; tips bifid with the teeth sometimes long and bristle-like; lemma awns usually present, arising on the lemma back, usually bent and twisted. |
Anthers | about 3 mm. |
3. |
2n | =42. |
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Avena fatua |
Avena |
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Distribution | ||
Discussion | Disturbed areas, roadsides, grain fields, upland grasslands. 0–1100m. BR, BW, CR, Est, Lava, Sisk, WV. CA, ID, NV, WA; throughout North America; worldwide. Exotic. Avena fatua invades upland grasslands, displacing native prairie species. It also can be a serious weed in grain crops. It may be the ancestor of cultivated A. sativa. Avena fatua × A. sativa hybrids resemble A. sativa but lack lobes on the wings of the lodicules and may have an awn on the lowest lemma. |
Temperate and cold regions worldwide. Approximately 29 species worldwide; 3 species treated in Flora. Wild oats are widely distributed weeds of disturbed grasslands, becoming community dominants in areas with Mediterranean climates such as California and western Oregon. Avena sterilis has been reported from Oregon, but the reports cannot be confirmed. It is much like A. fatua, but its florets remain together, falling from the glumes as one unit. Its awns are 30–90 mm; the longer awns are twice the length of awns of our other wild oats. Its awns may be hairy below the midpoint; those of our other species are glabrous to minutely scabrous. |
Source | Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 363 Barbara Wilson, Richard Brainerd, Nick Otting |
Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 362 Barbara Wilson, Richard Brainerd, Nick Otting |
Sibling taxa | ||
Subordinate taxa | ||
Web links |
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