Agrostis stolonifera |
Agrostis exarata |
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creeping bentgrass |
spike bentgrass |
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Habit | Plants perennial, (8)15–60 cm tall; stolons rooting at the nodes and sometimes forming a dense mat. | Plants perennial, sometimes flowering in the first year, 8–100(150) cm tall, slightly glaucous; usually cespitose, rarely rhizomatous. |
Leaves | ligules of sterile shoots longer than wide; basal ligules 0.7–4 mm; upper ligules 3–7.5 mm; blades 2–10 cm × 2–6 mm; flat. |
ligules (1)1.7–8(11.2) mm, truncate to obtuse; blades 4–15(25) cm × 2–7 mm; flat. |
Inflorescences | (3)4–20 × 0.5–3(6)cm, contracted, oblong to lanceolate, with 1–7 branches at the lowest node; branches ascending to appressed, contracted after anthesis; some branches at each node spikelet-bearing to the base. |
(3)5–30 × 0.5–4 cm, contracted; spike-like, usually dense, sometimes interrupted near the base, bases usually exserted from the upper sheaths at maturity; lowest node with 1–5 branches; branches ascending to appressed; spikelet-bearing to or near the base, usually hidden by the spikelets; lower branches 1–2(4) cm. |
Spikelets | crowded. |
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Glumes | 1.6–3 mm, 1-veined; tips acute to acuminate or with a minute point. |
1.5–3.5 mm, scabrous on the midvein and sometimes on the back, 1(3)-veined; tips acute or long-acuminate, with an awn-like tip to 1 mm. |
Calluses | with sparse hairs to 0.5 mm. |
with sparse to abundant hairs up to 0.3 mm. |
Lemmas | 1.4–2 mm; smooth, 5-veined; veins sometimes excurrent to about 0.1 mm; tips acute to obtuse, often entire, usually awnless; lemma awns; if present, 0–1 mm long, arising near the tip; straight. |
1.2–2.2 mm; smooth, 5-veined; veins sometimes extended as teeth to 0.1 mm; tips acute; entire to toothed; awnless or awned; lemma awns 0–3.5 mm, arising from above mid-length; straight or bent. |
Paleas | 0.7–1.4 mm; at least as long as the lemmas. |
absent or to 0.5 mm. |
Anthers | 3, 0.9–1.4 mm. |
3, 0.3–0.6 mm. |
Lodicules | 0.3–0.5 mm. |
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2n | =28. |
=28, 42, 56. |
Agrostis stolonifera |
Agrostis exarata |
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Distribution | ||
Discussion | Moist meadows, ditches, lakeshores, marshes, streamsides, ocean beaches and disturbed, moist, open areas such as pastures and clearcuts. 0–2500 m. Throughout Oregon. CA, ID, NV, WA; throughout North America; worldwide. Exotic. The more common A. gigantea is often misidentified as A. stolonifera. Agrostis stolonifera can cross with Polypogon monspeliensis. The resulting hybrid, × Agropogon lutosus, has been collected in Oregon. It is a loosely cespitose to rhizomatous plant similar to A. stolonifera, but it has glume awns to about 2 mm and lemma awns to about 3 mm. |
Moist ground, streamsides, ditches, sand bars, lake margins, also seasonally moist disturbed spots in grasslands, shrublands, and forest openings, including coastal sites. 0–2700m. Throughout Oregon. CA, ID, NV, WA; throughout North America except midwest; Eurasia. Native. Agrostis exarata is a common plant of wet, often disturbed habitats. It is variable in size, glume shape, and other details but can be recognized by its dense, narrow inflorescences and tiny anthers. This species can be difficult to separate from two closely related taxa, A. densiflora and A. microphylla. For both of these, habitat is an important clue for identification. Agrostis densiflora is a short plant of coastal sands and bluffs, while Agrostis microphylla is a vernal pool annual. |
Source | Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 354 Barbara Wilson, Richard Brainerd, Nick Otting |
Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 351 Barbara Wilson, Richard Brainerd, Nick Otting |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Agrostis alba, Agrostis alba var. alba, Agrostis alba var. maritima, Agrostis alba var. palustris, Agrostis alba var. stolonifera, Agrostis maritima, Agrostis palustris, Agrostis stolonifera var. palustris, Agrostis stolonifera var. stolonifera | Agrostis ampla, Agrostis exarata ssp. exarata, Agrostis exarata ssp. minor, Agrostis exarata var. exarata, Agrostis exarata var. minor, Agrostis exarata var. monolepis, Agrostis longiligula |
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