OregonFlora: Abies magnifica vs. Abies magnifica x abies procera

	Abies magnifica x Abies procera (synonym of Abies magnifica)	Abies magnifica x Abies procera (synonym of Abies magnifica x abies procera)
	Shasta red fir	Shasta red fir
Habit	Trees to 60 m tall; mature crown narrow and conic.	Trees to 60 m tall; mature crown narrow and conic.
Leaves	usually 1-ranked, occasionally 2-ranked on lower branches, curving upward; flexible; cross section 4-sided, occasionally 3-sided, 2–3.5 cm × 2–2.5 mm; abaxial surface bluish green, glaucous, with 8–10 stomatal rows; adaxial surface bluish green, glaucous, often with 2 whitish bands, not or weakly grooved, 8–10 stomatal rows; apex rounded to acute.	usually 1-ranked, occasionally 2-ranked on lower branches, curving upward; flexible; cross section 4-sided, occasionally 3-sided, 2–3.5 cm × 2–2.5 mm; abaxial surface bluish green, glaucous, with 8–10 stomatal rows; adaxial surface bluish green, glaucous, often with 2 whitish bands, not or weakly grooved, 8–10 stomatal rows; apex rounded to acute.
Pollen cones	purple.	purple.
Seeds	14–16 × 5–7 mm, red; wings approximately same length as body.	14–16 × 5–7 mm, red; wings approximately same length as body.
Trunks	to 2.5 m in diameter; bark gray; smooth, bark of lower trunk deeply furrowed with reddish plates; branches ascending in crown, descending lower; twigs opposite to whorled, pubescent 1st year, glabrous after 1st year.	to 2.5 m in diameter; bark gray; smooth, bark of lower trunk deeply furrowed with reddish plates; branches ascending in crown, descending lower; twigs opposite to whorled, pubescent 1st year, glabrous after 1st year.
Seed cones	oblong-cylindrical, 15–20 cm long, purple to greenish brown; scales pubescent; bracts exserted and reflexed over scales, covering less than 85% (often much less) of cone at maturity.	oblong-cylindrical, 15–20 cm long, purple to greenish brown; scales pubescent; bracts exserted and reflexed over scales, covering less than 85% (often much less) of cone at maturity.

	Abies magnifica x Abies procera	Abies magnifica x Abies procera
Distribution	[WildflowerSearch map] [BONAP county map]
Discussion	Mid-elevation to subalpine forests. 300–2000 m. Casc, CR. CA, WA. Native. Morphological and DNA evidence indicates that no pure Abies magnifica is likely to exist in Oregon. As a result, all previously described populations of A. magnifica are now assigned to A. magnifica × A. procera. Specimens of A. magnifica × A. procera can be distinguished from pure A. procera by seed cone and seed cone bract morphology.	Mid-elevation to subalpine forests. 300–2000 m. Casc, CR. CA, WA. Native. Morphological and DNA evidence indicates that no pure Abies magnifica is likely to exist in Oregon. As a result, all previously described populations of A. magnifica are now assigned to A. magnifica × A. procera. Specimens of A. magnifica × A. procera can be distinguished from pure A. procera by seed cone and seed cone bract morphology.
Source	Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 117 Stephen Meyers	Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 117 Stephen Meyers
Sibling taxa	A. magnifica x Abies procera
Synonyms	Abies magnifica, Abies magnifica var. magnifica, Abies magnifica var. shastensis	Abies magnifica, Abies magnifica var. magnifica, Abies magnifica var. shastensis
Web links	Local floras: CA, OR Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos, Flora NW, PNW Herbaria WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search	Local Web sites: Flora NW, PNW Herbaria WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search

Abies magnifica x Abies procera

(synonym of Abies magnifica)

Abies magnifica x Abies procera

(synonym of Abies magnifica x abies procera)

Shasta red fir

Habit

Trees to 60 m tall; mature crown narrow and conic.

Leaves

usually 1-ranked, occasionally 2-ranked on lower branches, curving upward; flexible;

cross section 4-sided, occasionally 3-sided, 2–3.5 cm × 2–2.5 mm;

abaxial surface bluish green, glaucous, with 8–10 stomatal rows;

adaxial surface bluish green, glaucous, often with 2 whitish bands, not or weakly grooved, 8–10 stomatal rows;

apex rounded to acute.

usually 1-ranked, occasionally 2-ranked on lower branches, curving upward; flexible;

cross section 4-sided, occasionally 3-sided, 2–3.5 cm × 2–2.5 mm;

abaxial surface bluish green, glaucous, with 8–10 stomatal rows;

adaxial surface bluish green, glaucous, often with 2 whitish bands, not or weakly grooved, 8–10 stomatal rows;

apex rounded to acute.

Pollen cones

purple.

Seeds

14–16 × 5–7 mm, red;

wings approximately same length as body.

14–16 × 5–7 mm, red;

wings approximately same length as body.

Trunks

to 2.5 m in diameter;

bark gray; smooth, bark of lower trunk deeply furrowed with reddish plates;

branches ascending in crown, descending lower;

twigs opposite to whorled, pubescent 1st year, glabrous after 1st year.

to 2.5 m in diameter;

bark gray; smooth, bark of lower trunk deeply furrowed with reddish plates;

branches ascending in crown, descending lower;

twigs opposite to whorled, pubescent 1st year, glabrous after 1st year.

Seed cones

oblong-cylindrical, 15–20 cm long, purple to greenish brown;

scales pubescent;

bracts exserted and reflexed over scales, covering less than 85% (often much less) of cone at maturity.

oblong-cylindrical, 15–20 cm long, purple to greenish brown;

scales pubescent;

bracts exserted and reflexed over scales, covering less than 85% (often much less) of cone at maturity.

Abies magnifica x Abies procera

Distribution

[WildflowerSearch map]

[BONAP county map]

Discussion

Mid-elevation to subalpine forests. 300–2000 m. Casc, CR. CA, WA. Native.

Morphological and DNA evidence indicates that no pure Abies magnifica is likely to exist in Oregon. As a result, all previously described populations of A. magnifica are now assigned to A. magnifica × A. procera. Specimens of A. magnifica × A. procera can be distinguished from pure A. procera by seed cone and seed cone bract morphology.